Airway microbial culture and susceptibility patterns in dogs and cats with respiratory disease of varying severity

Abstract

Canine and feline patients with respiratory failure severe enough to require PPV exhibit a different pattern of bacterial isolates cultured from their airways when compared with isolates from patients with respiratory disease that has not resulted in ventilator dependence. These isolates are more likely to be resistant to commonly used antimicrobials/antimicrobial combinations than patients in the respiratory disease group. These findings suggest that in canine and feline patients with infectious lower respiratory tract disease, consideration of the severity of the pulmonary insult may allow for better prediction of likely isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Further prospective studies with a standardized collection technique are warranted.

Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from 502 dogs with respiratory signs

“…Epstein and others (2010) showed that animals with severe respiratory disease needing positive pressure ventilation were more likely to be infected with Gram-negative enteric bacteria. Additionally, isolates from patients with respiratory failure were less susceptible to commonly used antibiotics in that study (Epstein and others 2010). A recent study by Proulx and others (2014) showed that dogs with bacterial pneumonia frequently harboured bacteria that were resistant to antimicrobials administered during a 4-week period before tracheal wash sampling.…”

Isolation and characterization of bacteria from canine respiratory diseases in and around Hyderabad city, Andhra Pradesh, India

“…The objectives of this study were to study the various etiological agents such as bacterial, viral, occurrence and to classify the severity of respiratory parasitic and others [1][2][3][4]. Among these agents, disease based on clinical picture among the dogs in and respiratory disease due to bacterial etiology is common around Hyderabad city.…”

“…Among these agents, disease based on clinical picture among the dogs in and respiratory disease due to bacterial etiology is common around Hyderabad city. Furthermore, our goal was also in dogs [1][2][3][4]. Respiratory disease is a challenging to isolate the organisms and evaluate the antibiogram of condition to diagnose [5] and to treat as patients can the isolates in order to establish the identity of the exhibit a wide range of clinical presentations ranging etiological agent.…”

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

“…11 Alternatively, the source of respiratory bacterial colonization may be gastric in origin. Endotracheal aspirates may represent colonization of the endotracheal tube rather than true infections, or if a nonbronchoscopic technique is used, fluid from a noninfected part of the lung may be sampled.…”

“…Risk factors for MDR pathogens included recent antimicrobial therapy, prolonged duration of hospitalization (≥5 days), or an immunosuppressive disease or therapy. 11 Aminoglycosides, however, are not used as monotherapy because of their poor penetration into infected lung tissue. 14,36 In making empiric antimicrobial selections, locally derived (institution-specific) guidelines may provide better coverage than general recommendations for a larger population.…”