Airway function in infancy is linked to airflow measurements and respiratory symptoms from childhood into adulthood

Owens, Louisa; Laing, Ingrid A.; Zhang, Guicheng; Turner, Steven; Souëf, Peter N. Le

doi:10.1002/ppul.24062

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, such variation can be controlled if the techniques are executed by experienced laboratory professionals following strict quality control measures 15,26 . Filippone and Owens et al reported that the z-scores of V'max FRC in infancy were highly related with those of spirometry in school-age children till young adults 27,28 . In the present study, although major differences were not observed at 6 months of age www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ in infants with BPD, the z-scores decreased significantly in their later life (until 24 months).…”

Section: Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Determinants of Lung Function until Late Infancy among Infants Born Preterm

Lai

Chiang

Chu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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to investigate the evolution of lung function in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BpD) and to determine the perinatal characteristics associated with indexes of lung function in later infancy. Longitudinal lung function assessments were performed at approximately 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of corrected age in preterm infants. Perinatal characteristics were further analyzed to ascertain the determinants of lung function indexes. Although all preterm infants (n = 121; 61 without BPD and 60 with BPD) exhibited decreased lung function in early infancy (6 months of age), after body length was adjusted for, only infants with BPD exhibited poor performance. Furthermore, the lung function of infants with mild to moderate BPD caught up gradually, but the generally poor lung function performance of infants with severe BPD, especially in forced expiratory flow, persisted until later age (24 months). Regarding perinatal characteristics, the z-score of body length at the time of examination and total number of days on positive-pressure ventilation are the major determinants of lung function in later infancy.Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that develops in preterm infants, namely less than 37 weeks' gestational age, who were exposed to mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation. Dysplasia of microvessels, airways, and alveoli have been observed in lungs of such premature infants 1 . The "new" form of BPD, deemed a developmental disorder, differs pathologically and clinically from the "old" form 2 . Before the period of antenatal steroid and intratracheal surfactant, the "old" BPD occurred in preterm infants (usually late preterm) who suffered from surfactant deficiency. These infants required high-ratio oxygen and ventilatory support, which trigger a heterogenous lung injury and remodeling. The sequels of lung damage marks with regions of atelectasis and hyperinflation, hyperplasia of airway smooth muscle, lung fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular hypertensive changes 3 . After the period of prenatal steroid and postnatal surfactant intervention, the mortality of BPD significantly decreased, and shifted the demographics of BPD to more extreme preterm infants. "New" BPD then occurred and being characterized by arrested alveolar-capillary development, namely fewer and larger alveoli develop, reducing the overall surface available for gas exchange 4 . The airways are relatively less affected, and inflammation is usually less prominent than in the old form of BPD 1 .Although previous studies have showed that infants with BPD have significant decline in lung function till third decade of life 5 , it's uncertain whether this defect is a consequence of prematurity and/or BPD. Long-term studies on the lung function of survivors of old BPD have reported that abnormalities in forced expiratory flow persisted over time [6][7][8] . However, the results from these studies may differ from children with new BPD, which usually develops in more preterm infants, who might have received mar...

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Section: Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Determinants of Lung Function until Late Infancy among Infants Born Preterm

Lai

Chiang

Chu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Twenty-one publications covering 24 studies were identified as relevant. 22 23 30-48 Six of the 24 studies assessed infant lung function (25%), [30][31][32][33][34][35] 15 assessed wheezing (62.5%) [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] (including two studies that assessed asthma and were reclassified as wheezing 22 23 ) and three assessed apnoea (15%). 36 37 Meta-analysis was performed for 13 wheezing studies (ten studies expressed the relationship between exposure and disease among the groups by OR and three by RR).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results displayed in the online supplemental table S1 refer to studies that were not included in the metaanalysis. Six studies reported on lung function during the first year of life, [30][31][32][33][34][35] and three studies reported on apnoea during the first year of life, covered in two papers. 36 37 First author, year…”

Section: Main Findings Wheezingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between active tobacco use during pregnancy and infant respiratory health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo evaluate what is known about active tobacco use during pregnancy and the association with infant respiratory health.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Maternity and Infant Care were searched thoroughly until June 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included case–control and cohort studies estimating the association between active tobacco use during pregnancy and infant respiratory health (wheezing and apnoea) and lung function parameters in the first 12 months of life.Data extraction and synthesisExtraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers. The odds ratio, relative risk and mean differences were pooled with a 95% CI using the generic inverse variance method. Heterogeneity was assessed and expressed by percentage using I2.ResultsWe identified 4423 abstracts, and 21 publications met the eligibility criteria. Pooled OR showed an increase in wheezing episodes in infants born to mothers who were active tobacco users during pregnancy (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.77, p<0.01). Mixed results were found on lung function parameters, and a meta-analysis including two studies with comparable methodology showed a trend towards reduced maximum flow rate at functional residual capacity of −34.59 mL/s (95% CI −72.81 to 3.63, p=0.08) in 1-month-old infants born to women who smoked during pregnancy. A higher risk of apnoea was described for infants born to mothers who used smokeless tobacco during pregnancy, while the results in infants born to women who actively smoked tobacco during pregnancy were non-conclusive.ConclusionInfants born to mothers who actively smoked during pregnancy are at higher odds of having wheeze and may have lower lung function. Smokeless tobacco use in pregnancy may increase the risk of apnoea in infancy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018083936.

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“…The study of pulmonary physiology continues to provide insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of pediatric respiratory disease. A longitudinal study that spanned 3 decades examined the lung function from 1 month of age to 24 years old . Lung function at 1 month of age, as measured by the maximal flow at FRC (VmaxFRC), was lower in male infants and in infants with a maternal history of smoking during pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Pulmonology year in review 2018: Asthma, physiology/pulmonary function testing, and respiratory infections

Loughlin

Muston

et al. 2019

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Pediatric Pulmonology publishes original research, reviews, and case reports related to a wide range of children's respiratory disorders. In our “Year in Review” series, we summarize publications in our major topic areas from 2018, in the context of selected literature in these areas from other journals relevant to our discipline. This review covers selected articles on asthma, physiology/lung function testing, and respiratory infections.

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Airway function in infancy is linked to airflow measurements and respiratory symptoms from childhood into adulthood

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Evolution and Determinants of Lung Function until Late Infancy among Infants Born Preterm

Evolution and Determinants of Lung Function until Late Infancy among Infants Born Preterm

Association between active tobacco use during pregnancy and infant respiratory health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pediatric Pulmonology year in review 2018: Asthma, physiology/pulmonary function testing, and respiratory infections

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