Airport development in Southeast Asia

The International Air Linkages of Australian Cities, 1985–1996

“…As Cattan (1995) has shown for European cities, each city's share of international linkages can be related to the city's role in international sectors within the economy. This analysis refines an earlier approach to the development of airport cities (O'Connor, 1995). O'Connor (1995) suggested that air traffic at a place changed initially as aircraft technology allowed intermediate centres to be bypassed, and then again as new markets created an axis shift from one route to another.…”

“…This analysis refines an earlier approach to the development of airport cities (O'Connor, 1995). O'Connor (1995) suggested that air traffic at a place changed initially as aircraft technology allowed intermediate centres to be bypassed, and then again as new markets created an axis shift from one route to another. This paper acknowledges that the axis shift in traffic pattern can be critical to changes in traffic at particular cities.…”

Cities and air services: the influence of the airline industry

“…Differences in aircraft can be expressed in inter-related aspects of their size, speed and range, so their effects on air services at cities can be complex. Bowen (2010) andO'Connor (1995) show how earlier waves of technical change in aircraft actually led to the bypassing of some cities, so reducing their air service. For a city itself, services provided by larger and longer-range aircraft create the potential for a more diverse set of connections.…”

The development of the Gulf region’s air transport networks – The first century

“…By the mid-1950s the region was well connected to the everexpanding European networks to the west, and to the east it was linked to a an established network connecting Karachi to Bombay to Calcutta and on to Rangoon with other important routes connecting Madras and Colombo in the south and Delhi in the north with Delhi being something of a hub (Tata, 1961;O'Connor, 1995). Bahrain had the most advanced airport in the Arabian Gulf with a good runway, control tower, lighting, communication facilities and passenger facilities and, in 1954, a new Flight Information Region was established in Bahrain to cover the navigation of aircraft in transit through Gulf airspace.…”

“…Their airports became hubs connected to other dominant cities on the transcontinental routes and the region's emerging airlines began to serve nearby centres with feeder services. Over the years the complexity of the networks grew as airlines responded to the forces of economic and social development and technological improvement of aircraft affecting centrality, intermediacy and proximity (O'Connor, 1995).…”