Aircraft measurements of vertical ultrafine particles profiles over Northern China coastal areas during dust storms in 2006

Wang, Wei; Ma, Jianzhong; Hatakeyama, Shiro; Liu, Xiaoyu; Chen, Yue; Takami, Akinori; Ren, Liehui; Geng, Chunmei

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.042

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Both the global and regional aspects of the long-range transport of pollutants are very important, and several cooperative international experiments have thus been conducted in the western Pacific region (Huebert et al, 2003;Parrish et al, 2004;Nakajima et al, 2007). The current authors have also reported the results of aerial observations of atmospheric pollutants in a source region in China (Hatakeyama et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2008), and a receptor region (Hatakeyama et al, 1995a, b;Hatakeyama et al, 1997;Hatakeyama et al, 2004). Transformation of pollutants during their long-range transport is an important problem from the perspective of regional air quality and acid rain.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Emissions Have Been Increasing In Eastmentioning

confidence: 49%

Aerial Observation of Aerosols Transported from East Asia — Chemical Composition of Aerosols and Layered Structure of an Air Mass over the East China Sea

Hatakeyama

Hanaoka

Ikeda

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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ABSTRACT2-]) ratio value, which increased from north to south along the aircraft flight track, indicated oxidation of SO 2 to form sulfuric acid during transport. In addition, pronounced chlorine loss suggested that substantial production of acidic substances occurred in the air mass as it moved away from China. The negative correlation between the Cl -/Na + ratio and the nss-sulfate concentration suggested that the reaction of sulfuric acid with sea salt was the main cause of the strong chlorine loss. On 28 March a very clear layered structure of the air mass was observed that could be clearly explained by the CFORS computer simulation model. Therefore, here the observation results obtained on 28 March 2008 are reported.

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Section: Anthropogenic Emissions Have Been Increasing In Eastmentioning

confidence: 49%

Aerial Observation of Aerosols Transported from East Asia — Chemical Composition of Aerosols and Layered Structure of an Air Mass over the East China Sea

Hatakeyama

Hanaoka

Ikeda

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…It measures the number concentration of particles ranging from 5.6 to 560 nm with 32 channels at 10 Hz frequency (TSI, 2013). According to the information provided by TSI, this instrument is not sensitive to pressure changes below the altitude of 3000 m (W. Wang et al, , 2008aTSI, 2006). Size-resolved particle number concentrations of PM 0.5 (particles with sizes less than 0.5 µm) were calculated as the sum of the number concentration of all channels.…”

Section: Instrumentation On the Aircraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Asia Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia; Kawamura et al, 2003;Huebert et al, 2004;Simoneit et al, 2004) made aircraft measurements over the Yellow and East China seas, an outflow region for pollutants from China, as well as the spatial and vertical distributions of pollutants over coastal and inland China (G. ). An international project, the Atmospheric Brown Cloud East Asian Regional Experiment (ABC; Wang et al, , 2008a, has been running in China since the early 1990s, and many domestic projects supported by the Chinese Science Foundation have also collaborated in many aircraft field campaigns. The size distribution of airborne particles over eastern coastal areas (W. , vertical ultrafine particles profiles over northern China coastal areas during dust storms (Wang et al, 2008a) and gaseous and particulate pollutants over Pearl River Delta (Wang et al, 2008b) have been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An international project, the Atmospheric Brown Cloud East Asian Regional Experiment (ABC; Wang et al, , 2008a, has been running in China since the early 1990s, and many domestic projects supported by the Chinese Science Foundation have also collaborated in many aircraft field campaigns. The size distribution of airborne particles over eastern coastal areas (W. , vertical ultrafine particles profiles over northern China coastal areas during dust storms (Wang et al, 2008a) and gaseous and particulate pollutants over Pearl River Delta (Wang et al, 2008b) have been studied. Other aircraft observations from the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific Experiment (TRACE-P; Tu et al, 2003) showed substantial concentrations of SO 2 over the Pacific downwind of China .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airborne measurements of gas and particle pollutants during CAREBeijing-2008

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Measurements of gaseous pollutants -including ozone (O 3 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO X = NO + NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), particle number concentrations (5.6-560 nm and 0.47-30 µm) -and meteorological parameters (T , RH, P ) were conducted during the Campaigns of Air Quality Research in Beijing and Surrounding Regions in 2008 (CAREBeijing-2008), from 27 August through 13 October 2008. The data from a total 18 flights (70 h flight time) from near the surface to 2100 m altitude were obtained with a Yun-12 aircraft in the southern surrounding areas of Beijing (38-40 • N, 114-118 • E). The objectives of these measurements were to characterize the regional variation of air pollution during and after the Olympics of 2008, determine the importance of air mass trajectories and to evaluate of other factors that influence the pollution characteristics. The results suggest that there are primarily four distinct sources that influenced the magnitude and properties of the pollutants in the measured region based on back-trajectory analysis: (1) southerly transport of air masses from regions with high pollutant emissions, (2) northerly and northeasterly transport of less pollutant air from further away, (3) easterly transport from maritime sources where emissions of gaseous pollutant are less than from the south but still high in particle concentrations, and (4) the transport of air that is a mixture from different regions; that is, the air at all altitudes measured by the aircraft was not all from the same sources. The relatively long-lived CO concentration is shown to be a possible transport tracer of long-range transport from the northwesterly direction, especially at the higher altitudes. Three factors that influenced the size distribution of particles -i.e., air mass transport direction, ground source emissions and meteorological influences -are also discussed.

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“…Because the particle number (PN) concentration measured using the APS Spectrometer targets 0.5µm or more, the ultrafine particle less than 100nm is not included. Wang et al [12] measured vertical variation of the particle size distribution including the ultrafine particle from an altitude of 400m to 2,400m during dust storm using the EEPS (engine exhaust particle sizer). And they found that nucleation mode particle excelled at high altitude more than PBL, although accumulation mode particle was dominant in low altitude.…”

Section: The Vertical Distribution Of Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle formation in the planetary boundary layer over Tokyo and its suburban areas

Minoura¹

2013

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The Japanese Ministry of the Environment promulgated the new air quality standard of PM 2.5 in September, 2009, which is equal to the value of the air quality standards of the US EPA (yearly average 15μg m -3 and 24h average 35μg m -3 ). With the concentration of primary particles such as elemental carbon decreasing during the last decade, the contribution of secondary particles became a big concern. Observation using an aircraft is advantageous in that observation over the city sky does not receive local exhaust influence, is able to cover a wide range at a time, and is useful in understanding spatial character of the secondary particles.With the aircraft, a spatial variation of the particle size distribution (0.5-10µm) of the coast line area and the inland area was measured nine times in three days from July 30, 2008 over the South Kanto region including the Tokyo metropolitan area. From the level flight observation at 600m altitude, the increased tendency of particle number concentration and the decreased tendency of mean particle diameter were observed as we flew to the north inland area. The number concentration and the relationship with the mean particle diameter showed the well-organized distribution. A volumetric change of more than 3 times was seen in the distribution of particles sampled in the inland area, whereas, a clear volumetric change was not seen in the distribution of particles sampled on the coast line. As for the number concentration of the particle, the mean particle diameter, and the particle volume, the value changed at the rate of 0.74cm -3 km -1 , -0.48nm km -1 , 0.057µm 3 cm -3 km -1 each as a function of distance from the coast line. The increment tendency of the volume growth rates was seen in proportion to the NO 2 concentration in particular.

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Aircraft measurements of vertical ultrafine particles profiles over Northern China coastal areas during dust storms in 2006

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Aerial Observation of Aerosols Transported from East Asia — Chemical Composition of Aerosols and Layered Structure of an Air Mass over the East China Sea

Aerial Observation of Aerosols Transported from East Asia — Chemical Composition of Aerosols and Layered Structure of an Air Mass over the East China Sea

Airborne measurements of gas and particle pollutants during CAREBeijing-2008

Particle formation in the planetary boundary layer over Tokyo and its suburban areas

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