Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XVIII. Attempted control of <i>Glossina pallidipes</i> Aust. with pyrethrum in dense thicket

Irving, N. S.; Lee, C. W.; Parker, J. D.; Beesley, J. S. S.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300003230

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“…Consequently, the high reduction recorded by fly-rounds in an earlier experiment with pyrethrum (Irving et al, 1969) should be interpreted with caution. Consequently, the high reduction recorded by fly-rounds in an earlier experiment with pyrethrum (Irving et al, 1969) should be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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IntroductionThis paper briefly describes an experiment in the Lossitete Forest area of northern Tanzania (Irving et al, 1969) to compare the fly-round and Langridge-trap techniques of assessing populations of Glossina pallidipes Aust. before and after treatment of the area with pyrethrum from the air.

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confidence: 99%

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Introduction

This paper briefly describes an experiment in the Lossitete Forest area of northern Tanzania (Irving et al, 1969) to compare the fly-round and Langridge-trap techniques of assessing populations of Glossina pallidipes Aust. The experiment was carried out in 1968 using aerial-spraying techniques previously described by Irving et al (1969). The experiment was carried out in 1968 using aerial-spraying techniques previously described by Irving et al (1969).

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Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XIX. A comparison of two sampling techniques for assessing the effectiveness of pyrethrum applications on Glossina pallidipes Aust.

Tarimo

Lee

Parker

et al. 1970

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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IntroductionThis paper briefly describes an experiment in the Lossitete Forest area of northern Tanzania (Irving et al., 1969) to compare the fly-round and Langridge-trap techniques of assessing populations of Glossina pallidipes Aust. before and after treatment of the area with pyrethrum from the air. The experiment was carried out in 1968 using aerial-spraying techniques previously described by Irving et al. (1969). Three spray applications were completed. In applications 1 and 2 an oil solution of 25% pyrethrum concentrate was diluted with power kerosene to give a final concentration of 0-4% w/v active pyrethrins; 2% piperonyl butoxide was added as synergist. For the third application, 5% DDT was added to the synergised pyrethrum solution. Methods Fly-round techniqueFlies were caught along a 9 400-yd fly-round at least twice a week by a group of men carrying a black cloth screen. Patrolling the fly-round by the catching party was started at the same time each day, but the finishing time varied depending on the numbers caught at each catching station. The persons in the catching party were changed as little as possible, and an attempt was made to eliminate the effect of time on the catch by starting the round at different ends on alternate days. Langridge-trap techniqueTwelve Langridge traps were used. The traps were first placed randomly in the experimental area and their positions were then changed till the most densely populated areas had been found. The trapping sites in the densely populated areas were regularly changed to eliminate the catching-out effect. The traps were inspected and emptied every weekday at about the same time, so that the catching period was the same for each trap every day. ResultsAssessment of the effectiveness of the pyrethrum applications was worked out by the fly-round technique and the Langridge-trap technique. Results for the fly-round technique are based on 72 flies (35 non-teneral males and 23 non-teneral females) which were caught before spraying, and 25 flies (8 non-teneral males and 6 non-teneral females), 46 flies (17 non-teneral males and 19 non-teneral females) and 57 flies (20 nonteneral males and 17 non-teneral females) which were captured after the first, second and third spray applications, respectively; the results for the Langridge-trap technique are based on 6 467 flies (1 430 males and 5 037 females) trapped before and 5 754 flies (1 308 males and 4446 females), 6 013 flies (1 362 males and 4651 females) and 13 310 flies (3 253 males and 10 057 females) trapped after the first, second and third spray (L 4683) c 2 2 2 C. S. TARIMO, C. W. LEE, J. D. PARKER and H. T. MATECHITABLE I. Percentage reductions in densities of G. pallidipes after pyrethrum applications from the air, as shown by fly-rounds and Langridge traps Fly-round technique Langridge-trap technique Application Non-teneral Non-teneral Teneral Total Males Females Total males females flies flies flies 1 78 74 21 64 9 12 11 2 52 18 29 36 5 8 7 3 43 26 -29 ---applications, respecti...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Introduction

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confidence: 99%

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Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XIX. A comparison of two sampling techniques for assessing the effectiveness of pyrethrum applications on Glossina pallidipes Aust.

Tarimo

Lee

Parker

et al. 1970

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Recent developments in the ecology and methods of control of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Dipt., Glossinidae)—a review

Jordan

1974

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The literature published during 1964-72 concerned with the ecology and control of Glossina is reviewed and put into context with previously published information. Thirty species or subspecies of Glossina are recognised. Improved methods of sampling have been developed which catch many more females of the morsitans group than other methods and allow more accurate estimates of population density and structure to be made than has been possible hitherto. New concepts of the activity and behaviour patterns of G. morsitans Westwood have been developed from work carried out both in the field and in the laboratory. Detailed studies on resting sites have been followed by successful control campaigns based on the selective use of insecticides. Most large-scale control campaigns during the period under review were based on applications of insecticides from the ground; other control methods used were aerial applications of insecticides, mechanical clearing of vegetation, selective game destruction and a small-scale project using the sterile insect release method. Techniques for identifying and assessing trypanosome infections in Glossina are described and a Table is given of infection rates in various species of tsetse. Differences in observed infection rates can result according to the time and method of sampling but actual infection rates are affected by a variety of factors including the maintenance temperature of puparia and adults, the age of the fly at the time of the infective feed, the age structure of the tsetse population and the hosts on which it feeds. Genetic differences in infedibility may occur between different individuals of a single species and certainly occur between different species. CONTENTS

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An Attempt to Reduce the Cost of Pyrethrum Aerial Sprays Against Glossina Swynnertoni Aust. in Savannah Woodland

Tarimo

Parker

Kahumbura

1972

East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal

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Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XVIII. Attempted control of Glossina pallidipes Aust. with pyrethrum in dense thicket

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XIX. A comparison of two sampling techniques for assessing the effectiveness of pyrethrum applications on Glossina pallidipes Aust.

Aircraft applications of insecticides in East Africa. XIX. A comparison of two sampling techniques for assessing the effectiveness of pyrethrum applications on Glossina pallidipes Aust.

Recent developments in the ecology and methods of control of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Dipt., Glossinidae)—a review

An Attempt to Reduce the Cost of Pyrethrum Aerial Sprays Against Glossina Swynnertoni Aust. in Savannah Woodland

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