“…We chose a decision-making situation that is encountered in aviation tasks: responding quickly to an in-flight perturbation, such as turbulence, micro-bursts, severe windshear, structural damage (e.g., from trim tab failure, bird strike, etc.). While such perturbations can occur in many types of flight, they can be a major contributor to mishaps in military aviation, given the greater exposure to risky situations requiring split-second decision-making, such as low-level flight over terrain, or high G-force maneuvers (Knapp and Johnson, 1996 ; Moroze and Snow, 1999 ; Nakagawa et al, 2007 ). When flying at high speed and very close to terrain, a savings of even a few milliseconds in responding to a perturbation can represent the difference between life and death (Haber and Haber, 2003 ).…”