Airborne Wear Particles Generated from Conductor Rail and Collector Shoe Contact: Influence of Sliding Velocity and Particle Size

Cha, Yingying; Hedberg, Yolanda; Mei, Nanxuan; Olofsson, Ulf

doi:10.1007/s11249-016-0775-7

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Heavy metals have been shown to be major constituents of airborne subway PM (Chillrud et al 2004;Loxham et al 2013;Lu et al 2015a). Furthermore, Cha et al (2016) demonstrated that PM 2:5 (PM with aerodynamic diameter <2:5 lm) containing iron, copper, and manganese is generated by the interaction of a train's electrical current collector shoe with the supply rail. Sources other than friction of brakes and brushing of wheels may be important as well, particularly in busy subways where heavy maintenance machinery operate at night.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM2.5 Concentration and Composition in Subway Systems in the Northeastern United States

Luglio

Katsigeorgis

Hess

et al. 2021

Environ Health Perspect

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The goals of this study were to assess the air quality in subway systems in the northeastern United States and estimate the health risks for transit workers and commuters. METHODS: We report real-time and gravimetric PM 2:5 concentrations and particle composition from area samples collected in the subways of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Boston, Massachusetts; New York City, New York/New Jersey (NYC/NJ); and Washington, District of Columbia. A total of 71 stations across 12 transit lines were monitored during morning and evening rush hours. RESULTS: We observed variable and high PM 2:5 concentrations for on-train and on-platform measurements during morning (from 0600 hours to 1000 hours) and evening (from 1500 hours to 1900 hours) rush hour across cities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM2.5 Concentration and Composition in Subway Systems in the Northeastern United States

Luglio

Katsigeorgis

Hess

et al. 2021

Environ Health Perspect

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“…The approach is particularly suited to study the relationships existing among wear mechanisms and such parameters like contact pressure, sliding velocity, environmental conditions [1,2]. Several studies report on the PoD results, concerning investigations on materials for vehicular brake systems for different transportation fields, like road vehicles [3][4][5][6][7] and trains [8,9]. As automotive brakes are concerned, pads are made of friction materials, comprising a large number of organic and inorganic components, pressed against a rotating disc, typically made of pearlitic cast iron [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pin-on-Disc Testing of Low-Metallic Friction Material Sliding Against HVOF Coated Cast Iron: Modelling of the Contact Temperature Evolution

2017

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Pin-on-disc (PoD) testing is widely used to investigate the sliding behaviour of materials and relevant wear mechanisms under different tribological conditions. The approach has been also profitably applied to the characterization of materials for brake systems to obtain specific information on the wear mechanisms. In the present study, the transient thermal analysis of a pin made with a friction material dry sliding against HVOF coated and uncoated pearlitic cast iron disc in a PoD apparatus was investigated by means of a finite element analysis together with experimental measurements. The aim of the investigation was to model the surface contact temperature in this sliding system to highlight the role of the different surface conditions, i.e., coated and uncoated, on the evolution of the pin and disc temperatures during sliding. In addition, we propose a simplified analytical equation for estimating the average temperature rise in the contact region during sliding, by extending the Kennedy approach in order to be able to provide a quick evaluation of the contact temperature for this kind of couplings, what is very helpful when characterizing a large number of systems in different contact conditions.

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“…The safety risk of the exposed electric conductor is very high; the top contact collects leaves and ice, causing them to be inoperable; and the remedies for resolving this problem are costly. The bottom contact method is considered by most to be the best approach for third rail current collection, as most parts of the rail are covered and protected from environmental issues [24].…”

Section: Third Rail Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Strategies to Prevent Third Rail Insulator Failures in Transit Systems

Rouhanizadeh

Kermanshachi

2021

Urban Rail Transit

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Failures of third rail insulators, which often impose problems that affect the serviceability of transit systems, rarely have been investigated. This study examines various aspects of third rail systems, identifies causes of insulator failures, and develops and categorizes preventive strategies. To accomplish the goals, the existing literature was reviewed and analyzed to identify various characteristics of third rails and insulators. Then, five transit case studies were analyzed to determine the characteristics of third rails, identify the causes of insulator failures, and evaluate the preventive strategies adopted by transit agencies. The results revealed that local environmental conditions cause degradation of insulators, with dirt build-up being the biggest contributor to failure. Performing maintenance and inspections of insulators at predetermined intervals was also shown to be very effective for preventing failure. The preventive strategies were classified into three categories: regular inspections; preventive maintenance programs; and regulation and safety, with regular inspections being the most frequently adopted. Findings of this study will serve as an appropriate source of information for practitioners who work with third rail systems and will help them adopt effective strategies.

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Airborne Wear Particles Generated from Conductor Rail and Collector Shoe Contact: Influence of Sliding Velocity and Particle Size

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

PM2.5 Concentration and Composition in Subway Systems in the Northeastern United States

PM2.5 Concentration and Composition in Subway Systems in the Northeastern United States

Pin-on-Disc Testing of Low-Metallic Friction Material Sliding Against HVOF Coated Cast Iron: Modelling of the Contact Temperature Evolution

Development of Strategies to Prevent Third Rail Insulator Failures in Transit Systems

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