Airborne exposure to wheat allergens: measurement by human immunoglobulin G4 and rabbit immunoglobulin G immunoassays

Abstract

The rabbit IgG EIAs are valid substitutes for the human IgG4 inhibition EIA, with important practical advantages. The inhibition EIA is recommended for routine wheat allergen measurements. The sandwich EIA may be used to measure low allergen levels, as in short task-related exposure measurements or in subfractions of airborne dust samples.

Bioaerosol exposure assessment in the workplace: the past, present and recent advances

“…52,53 Typically, these allergens can be quantified by immunochemical methods such as enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) if antigen-specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies are available. 54 Mycotoxins can be analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and in some cases ELISAs (e.g. aflatoxins and trichothecenes).…”

Effectiveness of interventions to reduce flour dust exposures in supermarket bakeries in South Africa

“…Extraction was done as described earlier24 and each sample was tested for wheat allergens by rabbit IgG inhibition EIA25 on two separate occasions. The arithmetic mean of the results was used as the wheat allergen concentration.…”

Development of an obeche wood allergen quantification assay for the assessment of allergen exposure in workplaces

“…Via back-calculation, 1 milligram of wood dust is sufficient to quantify the allergen content in a sample. The inhibition enzyme immunoassay for obeche wood allergen had an intraassay coefficient of variation of 4.7% and an interassay coefficient of variation of 21.5%, values in the range of other described allergen quantification tests (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

“…Immunologic quantification systems are based mainly on the following three different types of antibodies: human IgE antibodies/IgG4 antibodies (15,16), mouse monoclonal antibodies (17,18), or polyclonal antibodies (19)(20)(21) assembled in a direct enzyme immunoassay, competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay, or sandwich enzyme immunoassay, depending on the desired test sensitivity and the kind of target (single antigen or complex antigen mixture). Test systems with human IgE antibodies have a great advantage for more or less known allergen sources like wood dust, since they detect only IgE-binding antigens, which form the class of allergenic proteins.…”