Airborne and systemic dermatitis, mimicking atopic dermatitis, caused by methylisothiazolinone in a young child

Aerts, Olivier; Cattaert, Nele; Lambert, Julien; Goossens, A.

doi:10.1111/cod.12050

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Only 2 cases of children developing contact dermatitis from wet wipes containing MCI/MI have been reported, 8,9 and only 1 reported pediatric case of ACD to wipes containing MI was retrospectively diagnosed after she was found to be allergic to MI released from her freshly painted bedroom. 3 Although MI is replacing MCI/MI, no pediatric cases of contact allergy have yet been reported in the United States, where MI (without MCI) has been identified as the allergen. We present 6 cases of ACD in children from the use of wet wipes containing MI as a preservative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Only 1 pediatric case of ACD to MI in wipes has been previously reported, from Belgium. 3 MI has been named as the 2013 American Contact Dermatitis Society Contact Allergen of the Year to raise awareness of this allergen. 1 "Baby wipes" are extensively tested and traditionally used in infants with minimal adverse events, and MI alone has not been reported to cause ACD in children in the United States.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Six Children With Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Methylisothiazolinone in Wet Wipes (Baby Wipes)

Chang

Nakrani

2014

Pediatrics

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Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) is a combination preservative used in personal care and household products and is a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Recently, MI alone, without MCI, has been increasingly used in consumer products in attempts to minimize allergic reactions. Wet wipes are extensively tested and traditionally believed to be innocuous. MI in wet wipes ("baby wipes") has not been previously reported to cause ACD in children in the United States. Only 1 previous report of ACD in a child in Belgium has been recently reported. We report 6 children with chronic, perianal/buttock, and facial eczematous dermatitis, refractory to multiple topical and oral antibiotics and corticosteroids. All tested positive to MCI/MI on patch testing. None wore diapers. All patients had been using wet wipes containing MI (without MCI) to affected areas. Discontinuation of wipes resulted in rapid and complete resolution. This is the first report of pediatric ACD to MI in wet wipes in the United States, and the largest series to date. ACD to MI in wet wipes is frequently misdiagnosed as eczema, impetigo, or psoriasis. Wet wipes are increasingly marketed in personal care products for all ages, and MI exposure and sensitization will likely increase. Dermatitis of the perianal, buttock, facial, and hand areas with a history of wet wipe use should raise suspicion of ACD to MI and prompt appropriate patch testing. Rapid resolution occurs after the allergen exposure is eliminated. All isothiozolinones should be avoided in personal care and household products for these patients. Pediatrics 2014;133: e434-e438 AUTHORS:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Six Children With Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Methylisothiazolinone in Wet Wipes (Baby Wipes)

Chang

Nakrani

2014

Pediatrics

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“…Podobnie jak w AKZS związanych z uczuleniem na MCI/MI wiele z nich miało charakter powietrznopochodny i dotyczyło osób eksponowanych na farby schnące na ścianach (55,57). Część dotyczyła osób uprzednio uczulonych, zwykle wskutek używania produktów kosmetycznych i chusteczek (57), w niektórych sugerowano pierwotną alergizację po ekspozycji powietrznopochodnej (58).…”

Section: "Druga Epidemia"unclassified

“…Wśród produktów kosmetycznych odpowiedzialnych za indukcję uczulenia na MI lub wywołanie objawów skórnych wskazywano kosmetyki do włosów (szampony i odżywki), mydła w płynie (13,59), kremy, mleczka i inne kosmetyki do skóry twarzy, mleczko do opalania (13), dezodorant (60), kosmetyki z filtrem UV i nawilżane chusteczki (57). Źródłem ekspozycji były także wyroby chemii gospodarczej, np.…”

Section: "Druga Epidemia"unclassified

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ISOTHIAZOLINONES AS CAUSAL FACTORS OF CONTACT ALLERGY EPIDEMICS IN THE 20th AND 21st CENTURIES

Chomiczewska-Skóra¹,

Krêcisz²,

Kieć-Swierczyńska³

2014

Med Pr

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StreszczenieChlorometyloizotiazolinon (chloromethylisothiazolinone -MCI) i metyloizotiazolinon (methylisothiazolinone -MI) od końca lat 70. XX w. do 2014 r. stanowiły konserwanty powszechnie stosowane w kosmetykach, artykułach chemii gospodarczej i produktach przemysłowych. Pierwsze przypadki alergii kontaktowej na mieszaninę MCI/MI odnotowano w latach 1980-1982 w Szwecji, a następnie w wielu ośrodkach europejskich obserwowano istotny wzrost częstości uczuleń na te związki. Został on zahamowany dzięki wprowadzeniu w Europie i niektórych krajach pozaeuropejskich regulacji prawnych dotyczących dopuszczalnego stęże-nia MCI i MI w produktach konsumenckich i przemysłowych. Zezwolenie od 2000 r. na stosowanie bez limitu samego MI w produktach przemysłowych i od 2005 w kosmetykach w stężeniu do 100 ppm spowodowało w ostatnich latach znaczący wzrost liczby uczulonych na ten związek. Alergiczne kontaktowe zapalenie skóry związane z MI występuje zarówno u dorosłych, jak i dzieci, charakteryzuje się często ciężkim przebiegiem, a do wywołania objawów nierzadko dochodzi na drodze powietrznopochodnej. Do najistotniejszych źródeł uczulenia na MI należą kosmetyki i farby. W odpowiedzi na narastający problem epidemii alergii kontaktowej na izotiazolinony opracowano rekomendacje sugerujące zakaz stosowania MI w kosmetykach typu "leave-on" oraz uznanie za dopuszczalne stężenia 15 ppm w produktach kosmetycznych "rinse-off". Zalecenia te prawdopodobnie zostaną wprowadzone w życie w 2014 r. Med. Pr. 2014;65(4):543-554 Słowa kluczowe: izotiazolinony, chlorometyloizotiazolinon, metyloizotiazolinon, alergia kontaktowa, epidemia Abstract Chloromethylisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) have been widely used as preservatives in cosmetics, household products and industrial products since the late 1970s. First cases of contact allergy to the MCI/MI combination were noted in 1980-1982 in Sweden. Then, a significant increase in the frequency of sensitization to these compounds was observed in many European centers. The increase has been stopped by the introduction of legislation on their maximum concentrations in consumer and industrial products in Europe and in some non-European countries. But approval of the use of MI alone without limits in industrial products (from 2000) and at a maximum concentration of 100 ppm in cosmetics (from 2005) resulted in an unprecedented increase in the number of individuals sensitized to this compound. Allergic contact dermatitis due to MI occurs in both adults and children. It is often manifested by severe symptoms, which may be also induced by airborne exposure. The most important sources of sensitization include cosmetic products and paints. To counteract the increasing problem of contact allergy epidemic to MI, the recommendations have been developed, suggesting the ban on the use of MI in "leave-on" cosmetics and maximum concentration of 15 ppm in "rinse-off" products. These recommendations are likely to be implemented in 2014. Med Pr 2014;65 (4) WSTĘPZwiązki o właściwościach konserwujący...

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Atopic Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Ardern‐Jones

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

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Atopic eczema is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin condition characterized by itch which affects 20–30% of schoolchildren and 5–10% of adults in the UK. The increased prevalence in both western industrialized countries and developing nations over the last 20 years highlights the strong role of environmental factors in mediating the disease. However, the identification of a strong association between atopic eczema and mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin in 2006 has provided a paradigm shift in our understanding of the role of genetics in this condition and the importance of the function of the epidermal barrier. Indeed, interventions to repair the epidermal barrier show promise in both the treatment and prevention of atopic eczema and its complications. T‐helper 2 cells are central to mediating atopic eczema inflammation and specific targeted interventions are progressing well in clinical trials. Further developments in our understanding of disease pathogenesis, including the role of thymic stromal lymphopoeitin, and recently discovered subsets of immunocytes, are exciting targets and provide an optimistic future for the management of this challenging disease. However, topical therapy with emollients, corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors remains the mainstay of treatment. Thus, for more severe disease, current therapeutic options remain limited. As a result, atopic eczema still contributes a significant quality of life and financial burden on society and health care systems worldwide.

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Airborne and systemic dermatitis, mimicking atopic dermatitis, caused by methylisothiazolinone in a young child

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Six Children With Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Methylisothiazolinone in Wet Wipes (Baby Wipes)

Six Children With Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Methylisothiazolinone in Wet Wipes (Baby Wipes)

ISOTHIAZOLINONES AS CAUSAL FACTORS OF CONTACT ALLERGY EPIDEMICS IN THE 20th AND 21st CENTURIES

Atopic Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

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