Airborne and landing phases of a simplified back somersault movement

Hemami, H.; Khosravi-Sichani, Bahman; Barin, Kamran

doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.05.013

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…al stability. More relevant computer simulations can be found in reference [49] where the control issues for a simple back somersault maneuver are addressed.…”

Section: Computer Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Design of a Generalized Vestibular Sensory System

Hemami¹,

Barin²

2017

Int J Astronaut Aeronautical Eng

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struction of an energy Lyapunov function (analogous to the construction of such functions for linear stable time-invariant systems [28-30] is adopted here. The energy function is relatively easy to construct for the unconnected rigid bodies. The Lyapunov function for the connected multi rigid body system is the projection of the Lyapunov function for the corresponding freerigid-body system [31]. A comprehensive Lyapunov function allows integration of all reflexes of the head and neck movement and a calibrated analysis of all these reflexes. The states of the system that are used for stability, control and feedback play a crucial role and have to be available at all times. Therefore, the availability of the states dictates the choice of the sensory system and the needed processing. The human vestibular system estimates the head's states of position and velocity. The process is to measure angular accelerations and derive the velocities and positions by a double integration pro-Abstract A rudimentary vestibular system as a single sensory system for a multi-rigid body system is proposed. The semi-circular canals represent the main sensors for the state of the physical system, and are modeled as accelerometers. Their outputs are used to estimate the angular velocities and positions of the multi-rigid body system. The states and the accelerations are utilized in feedback and feed forward control paths for movements on the ground and in the air. The sensory system is implemented in a three-dimensional system that corresponds roughly to a human foot, leg, thigh and torso. Computer simulations are carried out to assess the feasibility and performance of this vestibular sensory system.

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“…al stability. More relevant computer simulations can be found in reference [49] where the control issues for a simple back somersault maneuver are addressed.…”

Section: Computer Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Design of a Generalized Vestibular Sensory System

Hemami¹,

Barin²

2017

Int J Astronaut Aeronautical Eng

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“…The input-output behavior of a large LTP with n principal integrating neurons will be represented by standard state space equations (Bay, 1999). The simplest one-dimensional LTP's are the integrators in the vestibular system that integrate accelerations of the head to arrive at velocities and integrate the velocities to arrive at position states (Hemami, Khosravi-Sichani, & Barin, 2016). A large LTP conceivably may have a dozen states with possibly hundreds of input and possibly many outputs.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Self-explorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Touch Mechanisms in Early Self Exploration

Hemami¹

2018

MER

Self Cite

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Touch is the earliest sensory modality the infant relies on, and is crucial for the first months of life and for survival. The other sensory modalities (taste, smell, vision, and hearing) become active later. Smell and taste are also critical in helping the infant identify the mother and, later, other caregivers and helpers. The study and analysis of the infant’s central nervous system (CNS) is simpler and is easier to model and explore. One of the primary functions of the newly born seems to be the exploration of self, mother, and (gradually) other objects in the environment. This paper deals with the slow process of exploration, identification and the development of self and object in the CNS. Although crude, the model allows a description and understanding of the processes of early merging, splitting, and denial of attributes of the self and object as psychological attributes.  The paper should motivate development of theoretical, computational and experimental models for the study of natural neural systems in the process of growth, maturity, and functional versatility. It should lead to formulations of redundant systems, growth of physical size, and functional properties of the CNS. No experiments were conducted to validate the model. Physiological, neural and experimental efforts are needed that would confirm, improve, refute, or complement the model.

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“…The corresponding literature on control of contact forces in living systems is scarce (Kuffler & John, 1976;Kandel, Schwarrtz, & Jessell, 1991;Arbib, 1995). More complete and extensive models for human movement are treated in , and Hemami, Khosravi-Sichani, & Barin (2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model of Early Motivational States and Their Uses

Hemami¹

2017

MER

Self Cite

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A model of early development of motivational states is proposed. The states are modeled in terms of modern concepts of state space and are physically realized by long-term-potentiation (LTP)-based neural circuits. The basic idea is to assume existence of libido and aggression instincts that would receive single sensory stimulus and induce capabilities for fight-or-flight, freeze or run, etc. The libido state may lead to happiness, contentment, or activities such as dance or play, imitation of observed behavior and action of others, and engagement in learning by trial and error.Enhancement of two motor skills are presented: responding more quickly in time and delivering a larger force of contact. This is a simple example of how the perception system, the motor system and the motivation system interact. A one-degree-of-freedom second-order mechanical system is modified by a first-order neural facilitator or compensator.The tit-for-tat phenomenon in force escalation is also modeled. The model includes tactile sensors for the measurement of a known force applied to a human finger, afferent transmission of the sensed force to the brain, storage of the perceived force, recovery of the stored force from memory, and efferent transmission of the force to the finger. The situation may change based on perception of more adversaries discouraging retaliation and encouraging resort to withdrawal and / or retreat.

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Airborne and landing phases of a simplified back somersault movement

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Preliminary Design of a Generalized Vestibular Sensory System

Preliminary Design of a Generalized Vestibular Sensory System

Touch Mechanisms in Early Self Exploration

A Model of Early Motivational States and Their Uses

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