Air-temperature variations and ENSO effects in Indonesia, the Philippines and El Salvador. ENSO patterns and changes from 1866–1993

Harger, J. Robin E.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00017-s

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Kalimantan has a tropical climate with a dry season from May to October and two rainfall seasons: December to January and April to May. The surface water temperature in the Berau delta is relatively constant around 30°C (Arifin and Koesmawati, 2007) and the MAAT in the catchment is around 28°C (Harger, 1995).…”

Section: Berau Deltamentioning

confidence: 99%

The C 32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas

Lattaud

Kim

Jonge

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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(2017). The C32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 202,[146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158] The NIOZ Repository gives free access to the digital collection of the work of the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research. This archive is managed according to the principles of the Open Access Movement, and the Open Archive Initiative. Each publication should be cited to its original source -please use the reference as presented. When using parts of, or whole publications in your own work, permission from the author(s) or copyright holder(s) is always needed. 1The C 32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas ABSTRACTLong chain alkyl diols are lipids that occur ubiquitously in marine sediments and are used as a proxy for sea surface temperature (SST), using the Long chain Diol Index (LDI), and for upwelling intensity/high nutrient conditions. The distribution of 1,13-and 1,15-diols has been documented in open marine and lacustrine sediments and suspended particulate matter, but rarely in coastal seas receiving a significant riverine, and thus continental organic matter, input. Here we studied the distribution of diols in four shelf seas with major river outflows: the Gulf of Lion, the Kara Sea, the Amazon shelf and the Berau delta, covering a wide range of climate conditions. The relative abundance of the C 32 1,15-diol is consistently higher close to the river mouth and particularly in the suspended particulate matter of the rivers suggesting a terrigenous source. This is supported by statistical analysis which points out a significant positive correlation between the C 32 1,15-diol and the Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether index, a proxy reflecting soil and riverine input in marine environments. However, the C 32 1,15-diol was not detected in soils and is unlikely to be derived from vegetation, suggesting that the C 32 1,15-diol is mainly produced in rivers. This agrees with the observation that it is a dominant diol in most cultivated freshwater eustigmatophyte algae. We, therefore, suggest that the relative abundance of the C 32 1,15-diol can potentially be used as a proxy for riverine organic matter input in shelf seas. Our results also show that long chain alkyl diols delivered by rivers can substantially affect LDI-reconstructed SSTs in coastal regions close to river mouths.

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Section: Berau Deltamentioning

confidence: 99%

The C 32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas

Lattaud

Kim

Jonge

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…There is increasing evidence that global warming is a result of anthropogenic activity during the past fifty years (IPCC, 2001). Global warming can be partitioned into (1) the urban heat island effect, (2) the effect of deforestation, (3) the effect of secular micro-climate shift, (4) the influence of general global warming with particular reference to the tropics (Harger, 1995). It is therefore important to eliminate the urban heat island effect from observed temperature records in order to assess monthly, seasonal, and annual averaged long-term temperature trends (Karl et al, 1988;Jones et al, 1990;Wang et al, 1990;Matsushita et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effect of land use/land cover change on the change of urban heat island intensity

Liu

Zhuang

et al. 2007

Theor. Appl. Climatol.

126

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SummaryDue to rapid economic development, China has experienced one of the greatest rates of change in land use=land cover during the last two decades. This change is mainly urban expansion and cultivated land reduction in urban growth regions, both of which play an important role in regional climate change. In this paper, the variation of the urban heat island (UHI) caused by urbanization has been evaluated with an analysis of land use change in China. First, meteorological observation stations were grouped by different land cover types (dry land, paddy field, forest, grassland, water field, urban, rural inhabitable area, industrial and mineral land, and waste land) throughout China. These stations were subdivided into urban and non-urban classes. Then, a new method was proposed to determine the UHI intensity from the difference between the observed and the interpolated air temperature of urban type weather stations. The results indicate that the trends of UHI intensity in different land use change regions are spatially correlated with regional land use and its change pattern. During 1991-2000, the estimated UHI intensity has increased by 0.11 C per decade in the spring and has fluctuated in other seasons throughout China resulting from land use change.

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“…The profound impact of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the climate of Indonesia is well known and results from the tendency for the Indonesian Low to migrate eastward in the tropical Pacific during El Niños, causing drought over much of the country (Nicholls, 1981;Harger, 1995;Allan, 2000). One indication of this relationship is the highly significant correlation between Indonesian rainfall and tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs), such as those in the Niño-3.4 region (Allan, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

El Niño and Indian Ocean influences on Indonesian drought: implications for forecasting rainfall and crop productivity

D’Arrigo

Wilson

2008

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Indonesia is impacted by severe droughts that cause major food shortages over much of the country, and have long been linked with El Niño events in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Despite seasonal forecasts based on relatively complex climate models, the 1997-1998 'El Niño of the century' was still followed by huge shortfalls in crop production (e.g. a loss of 3 million tons of rice in Java alone), reflecting the large gap that can exist between these forecasts and their actual utilization in agricultural planning. Alternatively, simple predictive models of rainfall and crop yields for Indonesia and other Indian Ocean rim countries have utilized an index of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures (Niño-3.4 SST), and related this index directly to indices of rainfall and crop productivity. However, these latter models have not included climatic information from the Indian Ocean, also implicated as a likely cause of drought in western Indonesia. Here we show that an index of Indian Ocean SSTs, when combined with the previously utilized Niño-3.4 SSTs, provides a significantly more accurate model of Sept-Dec drought (PDSI) over Java, Indonesia, than Niño-3.4 SSTs alone (ar 2 64.5% vs 37.9%). Based solely on data for the month of August, this model provides the best tradeoff between model skill and adequate lead time for the Sept-Dec rice planting season. Such simple models can be used to generate readily usable early warning forecasts of drought and crop failure risk in Indonesia, particularly in the western part of the country that is most influenced by Indian Ocean climate variability.

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Air-temperature variations and ENSO effects in Indonesia, the Philippines and El Salvador. ENSO patterns and changes from 1866–1993

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

The C 32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas

The C 32 alkane-1,15-diol as a tracer for riverine input in coastal seas

Assessing the effect of land use/land cover change on the change of urban heat island intensity

El Niño and Indian Ocean influences on Indonesian drought: implications for forecasting rainfall and crop productivity

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