Air-Sea interaction over the Gulf Stream in an ensemble of HighResMIP present climate simulations

Bellucci, Alessio; Athanasiadis, Panos; Scoccimarro, Enrico; Ruggieri, Paolo; Gualdi, Silvio; Fedele, Giusy; Haarsma, Reindert J.; Garcı́a-Serrano, Javier; Castrillo, Miguel; Putrahasan, D.; Sánchez-Gómez, Emilia; Moine, Marie‐Pierre; Roberts, C. D.; Roberts, Malcolm; Seddon, Jon; Vidale, Pier Luigi

doi:10.1007/s00382-020-05573-z

Cited by 32 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Such new models have shown improvements in the representation of various aspects of weather and climate variability, including blocking frequency over the Pacific and Atlantic (Schiemann et al, 2020), the distribution of precipitation over Europe (Demory et al, 2020), tropical cyclones (M. J. Vannière et al, 2020;Vidale et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021), air-sea interactions over the Gulf Stream (Bellucci et al, 2021), and Atlantic Ocean heat transports (M. J. Roberts et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of increased resolution on long-standing biases in HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA climate models

et al. 2022

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Abstract. We examine the influence of increased resolution on four long-standing biases using five different climate models developed within the PRIMAVERA project. The biases are the warm eastern tropical oceans, the double Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), the warm Southern Ocean, and the cold North Atlantic. Atmosphere resolution increases from ∼100–200 to ∼25–50 km, and ocean resolution increases from ∼1∘ (eddy-parametrized) to ∼0.25∘ (eddy-present). For one model, ocean resolution also reaches 1/12∘ (eddy-rich). The ensemble mean and individual fully coupled general circulation models and their atmosphere-only versions are compared with satellite observations and the ERA5 reanalysis over the period 1980–2014. The four studied biases appear in all the low-resolution coupled models to some extent, although the Southern Ocean warm bias is the least persistent across individual models. In the ensemble mean, increased resolution reduces the surface warm bias and the associated cloud cover and precipitation biases over the eastern tropical oceans, particularly over the tropical South Atlantic. Linked to this and to the improvement in the precipitation distribution over the western tropical Pacific, the double-ITCZ bias is also reduced with increased resolution. The Southern Ocean warm bias increases or remains unchanged at higher resolution, with small reductions in the regional cloud cover and net cloud radiative effect biases. The North Atlantic cold bias is also reduced at higher resolution, albeit at the expense of a new warm bias that emerges in the Labrador Sea related to excessive ocean deep mixing in the region, especially in the ORCA025 ocean model. Overall, the impact of increased resolution on the surface temperature biases is model-dependent in the coupled models. In the atmosphere-only models, increased resolution leads to very modest or no reduction in the studied biases. Thus, both the coupled and atmosphere-only models still show large biases in tropical precipitation and cloud cover, and in midlatitude zonal winds at higher resolutions, with little change in their global biases for temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and net cloud radiative effect. Our analysis finds no clear reductions in the studied biases due to the increase in atmosphere resolution up to 25–50 km, in ocean resolution up to 0.25∘, or in both. Our study thus adds to evidence that further improved model physics, tuning, and even finer resolutions might be necessary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of increased resolution on long-standing biases in HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA climate models

et al. 2022

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“…The basic of the coupling between the different components is described in Fogli and Iovino (2014). The single components of the coupled model are described in detail in Cherchi et al (2019); additional studies based on CMCC GCM can be found in Scoccimarro et al 2017a, Bellucci et al 2021. No changes are applied in terms of parameterization choices -and relative tuning parameters -moving from HR to VHR.…”

Section: The Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Events Representation in CMCC-CM2 High and Very-High Resolution General Circulation Models

Scoccimarro

Peano

Gualdi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The recent advancements in climate modelling partially build on the improvement of horizontal resolution in different components of the simulating system. A higher resolution is expected to provide a better representation of the climate variability, and in this work we are particularly interested in the potential improvements in representing extreme events of high temperature and precipitation. The two versions of the CMCC-CM2 model used here, adopt the highest horizontal resolutions available within the last family of the global coupled climate models de¬veloped at CMCC to participate in the CMIP6 effort. The main aim of this study is to document the ability of the CMCC-CM2 models in representing the spatial distribution of extreme events of temperature and precipitation, under the historical period, comparing model results to observations (ERA5 Reanalysis and CHIRPS observations). For a more detailed evaluation we investigate both 6 hourly and daily time series for the definition of the extreme conditions. In terms of mean climate, the two models are able to realistically reproduce the main patterns of temperature and precipitation. The very-high resolution version (¼ degree horizontal resolution) of the atmospheric model provides better results than the high resolution one (one degree), not only in terms of means but also in terms of extreme events of temperature defined at daily and 6-hourly frequency. This is also the case of average precipitation. On the other hand the extreme precipitation is not improved by the adoption of a higher horizontal resolution.

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“…More recently, the community-wide effort made in the framework of the HighresMIP project (Haarsma et al, 2016) further demonstrated the capability of high resolution models of improving several characteristics of the mean climate and its variability (e.g. Roberts et al, 2020;Fabiano et al, 2020;Bellucci et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021). More generally, recent outcomes from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6, Eyring et al, 2016) also highlighted that -on averagehigher resolution GCMs outperform lower resolution ones (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orographic resolution driving the improvements associated with horizontal resolution increase in the Northern Hemisphere winter mid-latitudes

Davini

Fabiano

Sandu

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. In recent years much attention has been devoted to the investigation of the impact of increasing the horizontal resolution of global climate models. In the present work, a set of atmosphere-only idealized sensitivity simulations with EC-Earth3 have been designed to disentangle the relative roles of increasing the resolution of the resolved orography and of the atmospheric grid. Focusing on the winter Northern Hemisphere, it is shown that if the grid is refined while keeping the resolved orography unchanged, model biases are reduced only in some specific occasions. Conversely, increasing the resolved (or mean) orography is found to clearly reduce several important systematic model errors, including synoptic transient eddies, the North Atlantic jet stream variability and atmospheric blocking frequency and duration. From an analysis of the radiation budget it is concluded that the large changes in radiative fluxes caused by the resolution increase – something commonly observed in climate models – have a relevant impact on the atmospheric circulation, partially offsetting the benefits obtained from the increase in orographic resolution. These findings point to the necessity of always tuning climate models to fully exploit the benefits of high horizontal resolution.

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Air-Sea interaction over the Gulf Stream in an ensemble of HighResMIP present climate simulations

Cited by 32 publications

References 53 publications

Impact of increased resolution on long-standing biases in HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA climate models

Impact of increased resolution on long-standing biases in HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA climate models

Extreme Events Representation in CMCC-CM2 High and Very-High Resolution General Circulation Models

Orographic resolution driving the improvements associated with horizontal resolution increase in the Northern Hemisphere winter mid-latitudes

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