Air quality and trace metal chemistry of different size fractions of aerosols in N–NW India—implications for source diversity

Yadav, Sudesh; Rajamani, V.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.005

Cited by 111 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…K + , an indicator of biomass burning, was higher (3.04 ± 2.67 µg m -3 ) in autumn followed by winters (2.25 ± 0.85 µg m -3 ) compared to summer season. The high concentrations of K + during autumn season are due its emissions from fireworks on the occasion of Diwali festival (5 th November, 2010) as K + is extensively used in fireworks and emitted in particulate matter form during cracker burning (Tandon et al, 2008), whereas winter time K is associated with biomass burning (Yadav et al, 2006, Ram et al, 2012. This region encounters large scale biomass burning by the general public to get rid of near zero temperature condition in whole northern India.…”

Section: Seasonal and Monthly Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OC includes primary organic carbon (POC), directly emitted from combustion sources and secondary organic carbon (SOC), formed via photochemical reactions involving POC or by gas to particle conversion from volatile organic compounds. Further, the physio-chemical characteristics of ambient aerosols are influenced by both, prevailing meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, wind velocity and precipitation) (Trivedi et al, 2014) and the geographical location (topography and proximity to the sources (Yadav and Rajamani, 2006;Radhi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variations in Water Soluble Inorganic Ions, OC and EC in PM10 and PM>10 Aerosols over Delhi: Influence of Sources and Meteorological Factors

Kumar

Yadav

2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The PM 10 and particles of greater than 10 µm aerodynamic diameter (hence forth referred as PM >10 ) collected over Delhi exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (100 µg m -3 ) with an annual average of 215 µg m -3 and 495 µg m -3 , respectively. The water soluble inorganic ions (WSII) were higher throughout the year in PM 10 (13.5%) than in PM >10 (5%). SO 4 2-dominated over NO 3 -ions and contributed 54% to the total WSII in PM 10 . NO 3 -and Ca 2+ were dominant ions in PM >10 . NH 4 + during winter and autumn, and Ca 2+ in summer PM 10 samples were the major acid neutralizing species. The WSII showed monthly and seasonal changes. The total carbon (TC = EC + OC) constituted 8.8%-47.8% of total PM 10 mass, and OC and EC varied from 9.91 to 37.06 µg m -3 and 5.42 to 22.23 µg m -3 during the year long sampling period. The SOC contributed more to OC in summers and the char (EC1) dominated over soot (EC2 + EC3) in EC fractions throughout the year. In summer samples, secondary OC (SOC) contributed 81% to OC and the OC/EC ratio was 3.61 suggesting the possible role of mineral dust and high photochemical activity in SOC production. For the eight different fractions, three dominant sources were identified, coal combustion, biomass burning, and motor vehicle exhaust for OC1, OC2 and OC3; vehicle exhaust for OC4, OP, EC2 and EC3; and biomass and coal combustion for EC1. The seasonal changes in the WSII and carbon concentrations in PM 10 and PM >10 are attributed to both the sources and the meteorological conditions in and around the study area.

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Section: Seasonal and Monthly Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations in Water Soluble Inorganic Ions, OC and EC in PM10 and PM>10 Aerosols over Delhi: Influence of Sources and Meteorological Factors

Kumar

Yadav

2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Shuwaikh city (Kuwait), based on this study, followed Bina of India in dust fall with an average amount of 53.7 ton km -2 month -1 , which is indeed expected as it is located in an arid region, and it is located within one of the five major regions where dust originates. Areas in North and Northwest India exhibited intermediate value (21 ton km -2 -month -1 ) of dust fall (Yadav and Rajamani 2006), followed by Nagev desert (Offer and Goossen 2001), Lanzhou (Liu et al 2004), Texas (Crabtree 2005), Yazd (Naddafi et al 2006), Arizona (Crabtree 2005), California (Crabtree 2005), and Southern Nevada (Reheis and Kihl 1995), as shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Comparison Of Dust Fall Levels With Other Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and composition of the falling dust in urban environment

Al‐Harbi

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The monthly total amount of dust fall, as well as its chemical and physical characteristics, was systematically investigated in Shuwaikh city, Kuwait. Dust samples were collected on a monthly basis for the entire year of 2009 and analyzed in the laboratory for water-soluble and water-insoluble matter. Water-insoluble matter represented the major portion of the total annual dust. ANOVAs showed significant temporal variation in the concentration of dust fall over the months (p \ 0.05). Higher dust deposits were encountered between June and August and ranged from 76.4 to 97.6 ± 2.5 (SD) ton km -2 month -1 , where dusty winds and low humidity are a common attribute in such arid areas. The main three soluble matter species measured are nitrate, sulfate, and chloride, and sulfate was found to be the most abundant inorganic species, ranging from 0.72 ± 0.13 to 4.1 ± 0.3 ton km -2 -month -1 . Major insoluble matter species measured are ash, silica, combustible, and tarry. Ash, silica, and combustible account for 63, 19, and 17.8 % of total insoluble dust, and 58.4, 17.7, and 16.6 % of total dust, respectively. Particle size distribution was also investigated, and results showed that dust particles[7 lm were the highest concentration of falling dust. Metrological conditions were found to play a vital role in temporal variations in falling dust.

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“…Aeolian dispersion has been well documented concerning transport of contaminated materials great distances from sources, impacting areas not directly affected by mining activities (e.g. Camm et al, 2003Camm et al, , 2004Petaloti et al, 2006;Lopez et al, 2005;Yadav & Rajamani, 2006). Aeolian dispersion can be one of the more dominant forms of contaminant transport of mining wastes in arid climates.…”

Section: Wind Transport Of Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dominant form of As found at calciner facilities is As-Fe oxides in a range of textural wastes. Particulate matter ≤ 20 µm (PM 20 ) containing As-Fe oxides, with a good portion of this material in the PM 10 size fraction, are known to be a potential inhalation exposure hazard (Lopez et al, 2005;Yadav & Rajamani, 2006). The study of PM fractions at mine and mill sites provides a baseline for long-term dispersal of materials containing potentially hazardous materials, and, the potential exposure to humans in relation to locations of milling facilities.…”

Section: Wind Transport Of Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining Activities and Associated Environmental Impacts in Arid Climates: A Literature Review

Sims¹,

Hooda²,

Gillmore³

2013

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Mining operations have released measurable levels of geogenic trace metals (e.g. Cd, Cr, Pb), metalloids (e.g. As, Se), and anthropogenic chemicals (e.g. CN -, Hg) into surrounding sediments. Abandoned mining sites in hyperarid climates has not been the focus of much research compared to wet and temperate areas. Research has focused on historical mining sites in semiarid and wetter regions in the United States, south pacific and Europe. Those areas have obvious risks associated with them including aqueous phase mobilization as a result of abundant precipitation. However, many mining areas in the American Southwest and aboard are located in hyperarid regions and viewed as not having a potential for mobilization of contaminants. Seasonal storm events can mobilize sediments containing contaminates beyond a small, localized area and into the wider environment. Literature indicates that arid and hyperarid mining regions have not been studied as extensively as those in wetter climates.

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Air quality and trace metal chemistry of different size fractions of aerosols in N–NW India—implications for source diversity

Cited by 111 publications

References 26 publications

Seasonal Variations in Water Soluble Inorganic Ions, OC and EC in PM10 and PM>10 Aerosols over Delhi: Influence of Sources and Meteorological Factors

Seasonal Variations in Water Soluble Inorganic Ions, OC and EC in PM10 and PM>10 Aerosols over Delhi: Influence of Sources and Meteorological Factors

Characteristics and composition of the falling dust in urban environment

Mining Activities and Associated Environmental Impacts in Arid Climates: A Literature Review

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