Air Pollution With Relation to Agronomic Crops: V. Oxidant Stipple of Grape

Richards, B. L.; Middleton, John T.; Hewitt, W. B.

doi:10.2134/agronj1958.00021962005000090019x

Cited by 115 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…However within the troposphere, ozone is a destructive gaseous pollutant with serious impact on human and animal respiration [1] as well as causing extensive damage to both natural and cultivated plant populations [2,3]. Richards et al [4] first described ozone as a toxic air pollutant in 1958; the pollutant originated from reactions between constituents of photochemical smog. Ozone, formed in the troposphere by the interaction of hydrocarbons (where most of this hydrocarbon comes from car exhaust), nitrogen and sunlight, is now recognized as the most phytotoxic of the common air pollutants, and causes more damage than all other atmospheric pollutants combined [2,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

et al. 2002

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Employing classical two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), amino acid sequencing and immunoblot analysis, we examine for the first time the effect of ozone, a highly notorious environmental pollutant, on rice seedling proteins. Drastic visible necrotic damage to leaf by ozone and consequent increase in ascorbate peroxidase protein(s) was accompanied by rapid changes in the 2-DE protein profiles, over controls. Out of a total of 56 proteins investigated, which were reproducible in repeated experiments, 52 protein spots were visually identified as differentially expressed over controls. Six proteins were N-terminally blocked, and the sequence of 14 proteins could not be determined, whereas 36 proteins were N-terminally and one was internally sequenced. Ozone caused drastic reductions in the major leaf photosynthetic proteins, including the abundantly present ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, and induction of various defense/stress related proteins. Most prominent change in leaves, within 24 h post-treatment with ozone, was the induced accumulation of a pathogenesis related (PR) class 5 protein, three PR 10 class proteins, ascorbate peroxidase(s), superoxide dismutase, calcium-binding protein, calreticulin, a novel ATP-dependent CLP protease, and an unknown protein. Present results demonstrate the highly damaging effect of ozone on rice seedlings at the level of the proteome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

et al. 2002

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“…Visible injury of the foliage, such as 'waterlogging', 'bronzing' and 'silvering', was observed on crop plants then grown in the inland valleys near Los Angeles (see Jacobson and Hill 1970, for pictures of pollutant injuries). The gas responsible for the 'silvering' and 'waterlogging' was traced to ozone (Richards et al 1958).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Heath

1994

Photosynth Res

201

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Tropospheric ozone produced by industrial civilization is widespread. Although the levels are not clearly life threatening, they do have the potential to inhibit normal plant productivity, thought to be by an inhibition of photosynthesis. While the mechanism for this inhibition is not yet clear, there are several hypotheses for its cause. It is unlikely that ozone can penetrate the cell membrane unreacted; therefore, reactions at the plasma membrane either causing general ionic and metabolic disturbance within the cell or causing the production of unidentified toxic products must ultimately produce the alterations within the chloroplasts. While model systems, such as individual biochemicals, isolated chloroplasts, and algae, can give some understanding of possible reactions, they cannot provide the full story. One continuing controversy revolves about the role of stomata in the inhibition process-they play an important role, but the full interaction between stomatal closure and inhibition of photosynthesis has not yet emerged. In order to reach a political compromise on air quality standards, we need to have a good understanding of the fundamental mechanisms by which ozone causes any decline in plant productivity.

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“…03 injury to vegetation was first reported about 40 years ago (2)(3)(4)(5) and is now found throughout much of North America. Experiments with O3 show visible 03 injury symptoms including necrosis, chlorosis, and stipple (6,7).…”

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Plant responses to elevational gradients of O ₃ exposures in Virginia

Winner

Lefohn²,

Cotter³

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In Shenandoah National Park, 03 monitoring data were characterized and attempts were made to relate 03 concentration levels to visible foliar injury observed for five plant species surveyed. Foliar injury for three species increased with elevation. The 24-h monthly mean 03 concentrations tended to increase with elevation; however, the number of elevated hourly occurrences did not. Although the frequency of high hourly 03 concentrations did not consistently increase with elevation, 03 exposures in the park may have been high enough to provoke an effect that may have been enhanced by vegetation sensitivities that differed as a function of altitude.

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Air Pollution With Relation to Agronomic Crops: V. Oxidant Stipple of Grape

Cited by 115 publications

References 0 publications

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Plant responses to elevational gradients of O ₃ exposures in Virginia

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Air Pollution With Relation to Agronomic Crops: V. Oxidant Stipple of Grape

Cited by 115 publications

References 0 publications

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

Proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Plant responses to elevational gradients of O 3 exposures in Virginia

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Plant responses to elevational gradients of O ₃ exposures in Virginia