Air Pollution Influence During Intrauterine Development and Early Childhood on Respiratory Functions at Later Age

Early life exposure to traffic-related air pollution and allergic rhinitis in preschool children

“…In addition, children have narrower airways, thus irritation caused by air pollution that would produce only a slight response in an adult can result in potentially significant obstruction in the airways of a young child. Early life exposure during pregnancy or infancy to ambient air pollution seems to be particularly important for respiratory effects in later life [16,17,31]. However, very few studies investigated the role of early life exposure to air pollution in the later development of AR in children.…”

Environment and women's reproductive health

“…Experimental data indicate that early prenatal and/or perinatal exposure to EDCs can lead to long-term effects on the immune (Baccarelli et al, 2002), respiratory (Turnowska and Marinov, 2009) and central nervous systems (Rogan and Ragan, 2007;Sly and Flack, 2008;Larsson et al, 2009;Stefanidou et al, 2009;Crews, 2010;Mattison, 2010) and on the thyroid (Koopman-Esseboom et al, 1994Brouwer et al, 1998;Osius et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2005b), and it can also induce cardiovascular malformations (Langlois et al, 2009).…”