Air pollution, environmental chemicals, and smoking may trigger vitamin D deficiency: Evidence and potential mechanisms

Mousavi, Sayed Esmaeil; Amini, Heresh; Heydarpour, Pouria; Chermahini, Fatemeh Amini; Godderis, Lode

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.052

Cited by 131 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…3,22 Despite the associated risk factors for hypovitaminosis, we report higher mean vitamin D levels compared with Marwaha et al It can be speculated that these differences may be related to either genetic differences in the patient population or the higher pollution levels in Delhi hampering vitamin D synthesis. 23 Higher vitamin D levels in study by Basu et al could also be due to consumption of fish-based diet in these geographical areas. Higher or comparable vitamin D levels in our study might be because of vitamin D supplementation, although it did not correct deficiency state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Vitamin D Status of Epileptic Children in India: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre

Azad

Guglani

Kaur

et al. 2020

Journal of Child Science

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Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent all over the world, especially in tropical countries. In epileptics, antiepileptic drugs (AED) and associated comorbidities further impact vitamin D status. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of 25(OH) vitamin D deficiency in epileptic children and evaluate probable risk factors. A cross-sectional study of 200 children between 1 and 18 years of age on AED was undertaken in the pediatric neurology clinic of a tertiary care center of Northern India. In all children, serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase were estimated. The deficiency levels of vitamin D were categorized as: deficiency <20 ng/mL, insufficiency 20 to 30 ng/mL, and sufficiency >30 ng/mL. The potential risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, including type of epilepsy, AED regimen (specific medications, polytherapy vs. monotherapy), cerebral palsy, ambulatory status, intellectual disability, body mass index, gender, and vegetarianism were examined. Among the 200 enrolled children (60% boys), 106/200 (53%) were vitamin D deficient. There was no significant relation of vitamin D levels with gender, type of epilepsy, neurological deficit, and type of AED. An inverse relationship of higher phenytoin doses during monotherapy associated with lower vitamin D levels in monotherapy was found, thereby suggesting adverse effect of high doses of phenytoin on vitamin D levels. VDD is common among epileptic children on AED therapy. Vitamin D deficiency is common prevalent among epileptic children on AED therapy, and its detection and treatment correction should be an integral part of epilepsy management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Vitamin D Status of Epileptic Children in India: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre

Azad

Guglani

Kaur

et al. 2020

Journal of Child Science

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“…Moreover, it should be noted that Karachi is the fourth most polluted city in the world with the presence of heavy smog and air pollution associated with rapid industrialization. This further has the potential to affect access to sun exposure and its UV-B light, causing decreased penetration of ultraviolet B radiation from the sun [95][96][97].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multicenter case control study of association of vitamin D with breast cancer among women in Karachi, Pakistan

et al. 2020

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Background The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and breast cancer are both high among women living in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A matched case control study was conducted in two hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan to evaluate the association of vitamin D (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) concentrations, vitamin D supplementation and sun exposure with breast cancer among Pakistani women. A total of 411 newly diagnosed histologically confirmed primary breast cancer cases were enrolled and 784 controls, free of breast and any other cancers, were matched by age (year of birth ± 5 years), residence in the same geographic area and study site. Information was collected on sociodemographic history, history of vitamin D supplementation, past medical and obstetrical history, family history of breast cancer, sun exposure history, histopathology reports and anthropometric measurement and venous blood was collected to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration. Results Compared to patients with sufficient serum vitamin D (>30 ng/ml), women with serum vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml), had a higher risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.65, 95%CI: 1.10, 2.50). Women with history of vitamin D supplementation one year prior to enrollment, had significant protective effect against breast cancer (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.43). Conclusions and recommendation Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of breast cancer, while vitamin D supplementation was associated with decreased risk of breast cancer.

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“…The vitamin D deficiency is becoming a common worldwide concern. The population considered at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency are those which have decreased sun exposure [3], but recently it has been calculated that about one billion people in the world are expected to suffer vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in different regions and climates, in all age and sex groups [4,5]. For this reason, vitamin D deficiency is an important public health problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, air pollution, environmental chemicals and smoking have been studied as potential triggers of vitamin D deficiency, disrupting its biochemical pathways and causing detriments of this vitamin [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Rehabilitation after Stroke: Status of Art

Siotto¹,

Santoro²,

Aprile³

2020

Applied Sciences

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Stroke is the first cause of disability in the population and post-stroke patients admitted to rehabilitation units often present a malnutrition status which can influence nutritional indices and then vitamin levels. Vitamin D deficiency seems implicated beyond stroke severity and stroke risk, and also affects post-stroke recovery. Some studies on vitamin D levels and outcome in stroke patients are available but very few data on vitamin D levels and outcome after rehabilitation treatment are reported. This literature review shows the possible relationship between vitamin D deficiency and recovery in post-stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation treatment. Moreover, because several studies have reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms and promoter methylation in genes are involved in vitamin D metabolism and might affect circulating vitamin D levels, these aspects are evaluated in the current paper. From the studies evaluated in this review, it emerges that vitamin D deficiency could not only have an important role in the recovery of patients undergoing rehabilitation after a stroke, but that genetic and epigenetic factors related to vitamin D levels could have a crucial role on the rehabilitation outcome of patients after stroke. Therefore, further studies are necessary on stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation treatment, including: (a) the measurement of the 25(OH) vitamin D serum concentrations at admission and post rehabilitation treatment; (b) the identification of the presence/absence of CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1 and VDR polymorphisms, and (c) analysis of the methylation levels of these genes pre- and post-rehabilitation treatment.

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Air pollution, environmental chemicals, and smoking may trigger vitamin D deficiency: Evidence and potential mechanisms

Cited by 131 publications

References 147 publications

Vitamin D Status of Epileptic Children in India: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre

Vitamin D Status of Epileptic Children in India: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre

A multicenter case control study of association of vitamin D with breast cancer among women in Karachi, Pakistan

Vitamin D and Rehabilitation after Stroke: Status of Art

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