Air pollution control residues from waste incineration: Current UK situation and assessment of alternative technologies

Rani, D. Amutha; Boccaccını, Aldo R.; Deegan, David; Cheeseman, Christopher R.

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2007.10.007

Cited by 90 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The operating temperatures in municipal waste incinerators are around 850 °C, so we assume that 81 % of Au-NP mass will be removed in the bottom ash and 19 % in the fly ash [ 98 ] of which 99.99 % will be removed by the ESP and fabric filter as APCD residue. These residues are treated as hazardous waste and are finally disposed to secured landfills or abandoned underground mines [ 100 ]. Bottom ash from municipal waste combustors can be used in the construction sector [ 101 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic modelling of prospective environmental concentrations of gold nanoparticles from medical applications as a basis for risk assessment

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe use of gold nanoparticles (Au-NP) based medical applications is rising due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Diagnostic devices based on Au-NP are already available in the market or are in clinical trials and Au-NP based therapeutics and theranostics (combined diagnostic and treatment modality) are in the research and development phase. Currently, no information on Au-NP consumption, material flows to and concentrations in the environment are available. Therefore, we estimated prospective maximal consumption of Au-NP from medical applications in the UK and US. We then modelled the Au-NP flows post-use and predicted their environmental concentrations. Furthermore, we assessed the environment risks of Au-NP by comparing the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) with ecological threshold (PNEC) values.ResultsThe mean annual estimated consumption of Au-NP from medical applications is 540 kg for the UK and 2700 kg for the US. Among the modelled concentrations of Au-NP in environmental compartments, the mean annual PEC of Au-NP in sludge for both the UK and US was estimated at 124 and 145 μg kg−1, respectively. The mean PEC in surface water was estimated at 468 and 4.7 pg L−1, respectively for the UK and US. The NOEC value for the water compartment ranged from 0.12 up to 26,800 μg L−1, with most values in the range of 1000 μg L−1.ConclusionThe results using the current set of data indicate that the environmental risk from Au-NP used in nanomedicine in surface waters and from agricultural use of biosolids is minimal in the near future, especially because we have used a worst-case use assessment. More Au-NP toxicity studies are needed for the soil compartment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-015-0150-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic modelling of prospective environmental concentrations of gold nanoparticles from medical applications as a basis for risk assessment

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mineral composition of the APC residues is strongly dependent on the waste feed composition, the used technology, the type of incinerator and the APC system [31], as well as the intensity of the processes that occur during and after incineration such as melting, vaporization, crystallization or vitrification. The dominant mineral phases in the APC residues are thenardite (40.1 ± 0.8 wt%) ( Fig.…”

Section: Chemical and Mineralogical Characterization Of Sewage Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of incineration residues from wastewater treatment plant in Polish city: a future waste based source of valuable elements?

Kasina

Wendorff-Belon

Kowalski

et al. 2019

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To support the rational management of raw materials in the European Union more attention is being paid to the resource potential of waste materials, which are increasing in volume due to industrial development and the world population growth. One of the methods to reduce the amount of produced and landfilled waste is incineration. As a result of sewage sludge incineration, fly ash (ISSA-incinerated sewage sludge ash) and APC (air pollution control) residues are produced. The goal of this study was to characterize incineration residues from waste water treatment plant in Polish city with ca. one million inhabitants using mineralogical, chemical methods, and to estimate the recovery potential of valuable components. Both incineration products accumulate elements which are of valuable concentrations, such as P (17 wt% of P 2 O 5 on average in the ISSA), as well as significant amounts of metals such as Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Cr. Small particle sizes < 125 µm in both materials favor the accumulation of elements of higher volatility during incineration, but they are usually dispersed within a matrix, main minerals or amorphous substance, or are present in the form of micro inclusions or grains < 10 µm, which thus excludes their easy recovery.

show abstract

“…However, for comparison, cement data can be used as a proxy with the assumption that the CKD generated from the same stream as cement production is composed of the same unreacted raw material (US EPA, 2016). Municipal residue, clinical residue and sewage sludge produce signifcant amounts of ash (Rani et al, 2008). The ash (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ash (e.g. Household Waste Ash (HWA), Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)) and dust (air pollution control (APC) residue) originate as a result of the scrubbing of emissions, with the residue often classified as hazardous (Kourti et al, 2010;Rani et al, 2008). Numerous studies have dealt with their reuse in the cement and concrete industry (Cyr et al, 2007;Donatello and Cheeseman, 2013;Wongsa et al, 2017;Müller and Rübner, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological characterisation of alkali-activated construction materials containing red mud, fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag

Sas¹,

Sha

Soutsos

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study characterises the Naturally Occurring Radionuclides (NORs) content of a suite of secondary raw materials or industrial residues that are normally disposed of in landfills or lagoons but now are increasingly used in green concretes. This includes ashes from a variety of industrial processes and red mud from aluminium production, as well as air pollution control residue and cement kiln dust. The chemical composition of the samples was determined with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 activity concentrations were obtained by gamma spectrometry, and the results were compared with recently published NOR databases. The correlation between the NOR content and the main chemical 2 composition was investigated. The radioactive equilibrium in the U-238 chain was studied based on the determination of progeny isotopes. The most commonly used calculation methods (activity concentration index and radium equivalent concentration) were applied to classify the samples. The radon exhalation rate of the samples was measured, and the radon emanation coefficient was calculated. Significant correlation was found between the NORs and certain chemical components. The massic exhalation demonstrated a broad range, and it was found that the emanation coefficients were significantly lower in the case of the residues generated as a result of high-temperature combustion processes. The results showed that a weak correlation between the Ra-226 concentration and the radon exhalation. This emphasizes that managing the Ra-226 content of recycled material by itself is not sufficient to control the radon exhalation of recycled materials used in building products. The investigated parameters and their correlation behaviour could be used to source apportion materials found during the process of landfill mining and recovery of material for recycling.

show abstract

Air pollution control residues from waste incineration: Current UK situation and assessment of alternative technologies

Cited by 90 publications

References 47 publications

Probabilistic modelling of prospective environmental concentrations of gold nanoparticles from medical applications as a basis for risk assessment

Probabilistic modelling of prospective environmental concentrations of gold nanoparticles from medical applications as a basis for risk assessment

Characterization of incineration residues from wastewater treatment plant in Polish city: a future waste based source of valuable elements?

Radiological characterisation of alkali-activated construction materials containing red mud, fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About