Air Pollution Characteristics and Health Risks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China during Winter

Mao, Mao; Sun, Haofei; Zhang, Xiaolin

doi:10.3390/ijerph17249172

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…While aerosol loading and air pollution situation can be revealed with the satellite data of daily aerosol optical depth (AOD) from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometry (MODIS) Level 2 10 km × 10 km Collection V005, regional AOD distribution on the basis of the Giovanni map [29] over mid-eastern China is illustrated in Figure 1. An average AOD of ~1.0 at 550 nm during June 2012 is obtained over Hefei (see Figure 1a), and such high aerosol loading is probably attributed to severe haze and fog episodes contributed by synoptic patterns and anthropogenic emissions (e.g., straw biomass burning, and traffic exhausts) [30,31]. During the sampling period, a typical radiation fog event is observed in 11-12 June 2012, and an AOD of ~3.0 at 550 nm is even obtained (see Figure 1b), indicating strong aerosol extinction during fog episodes.…”

Section: Overview Of Aerosol Radiative Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trajectories at Hefei during fog episodes are illustrated in Figure 6, and air masses are originated from the Yangtze Delta to the east of Hefei. The monsoon wind prevailing brings Hefei aerosol pollutions produced over the Yangtze Delta, besides local emissions [31]. These anthropogenic aerosol emissions from industry and fossil fuels, as well as biomass burning displayed in the MODIS wildfire maps (not shown), are favorable for radiation fog episodes, in addition to weather conditions (such as calm wind, few clouds, and high relative humidity).…”

Section: Comparison Of Aerosol Radiative Properties During Fog With Haze and Clear Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scavenging of Black Carbon Aerosols by Radiation Fog in Urban Central China

et al. 2022

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Radiation fog episodes are characterized by aerosol radiative properties measured at Hefei in urban central China, which hopefully benefits numerical weather prediction and air quality improvement for local governments. In this study, a high mean aerosol optical depth (AOD) is seen over Hefei during the sampling period, whereas an AOD of ~3.0 at 550 nm is observed during the fog episodes. We redefine the fog scavenging coefficient based on its starting and ending points in time, and a black carbon (BC) scavenging coefficient of 30% is observed. Meanwhile, the fog process cannot reduce aerosol number concentrations at size bins between 0.5 and 0.6 μm, whereas a mean particle scavenging coefficient of 21% at sizes within 0.6–1 μm is seen. Significantly large median aerosol scattering coefficient (2690 Mm−1) and absorption coefficient (446 Mm−1) at 550 nm, and low scattering Angstrom exponent in fog are observed, while distinctive particle size distributions between fog and haze are shown. Particle mean size distribution in fog is lower than that in haze at size bins between 0.7 and 2.1 μm, whereas the reverse is true for sizes within 0.5–0.7 μm and larger than 2.1 μm. Aerosol scattering during fog episodes undergoes a bigger increase than particle absorption, and this increase of scattering in fog is even higher than in haze. Median single scattering albedos of 0.86, 0.82, and 0.76 at 550 nm and aerosol radiative forcing efficiencies of −15.0, −14.0, and −10.0 W/m2 are seen for fog, haze and clear periods, respectively, and more negative radiative forcing efficiency emphasizes the significance of fog episodes on climate forcing. Our study clearly reveals the changes of aerosol radiative properties during radiation fog, particularly a synchronous variation of fog aerosol backscattering ratio with the visibility, indicating that more large particles are formed with fog becoming thicker and are scavenged with the dissipation of fog.

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Section: Overview Of Aerosol Radiative Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Aerosol Radiative Properties During Fog With Haze and Clear Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scavenging of Black Carbon Aerosols by Radiation Fog in Urban Central China

et al. 2022

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“…A large number of studies have investigated the regularity of temporal variations and the spatial distribution of different air pollutants. Examples include sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], particulate matter with a median diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], and particulate matter with a median diameter less than 10 µm (PM 10 ) [ 12 , 13 ]. Research on the spatiotemporal regularity of air pollutants has been carried out extensively in single cities [ 12 , 14 ], urban agglomerations [ 15 ], hot regions [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], and even nationwide [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Regularity and Socioeconomic Drivers of the AQI in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Yan

Chen

Lei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Air pollution has caused adverse effects on the climate, the ecological environment and human health, and it has become a major challenge facing the world today. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is the region with the most developed economy and the most concentrated population in China. Identifying and quantifying the spatiotemporal characteristics and impact mechanism of air quality in this region would help in formulating effective mitigation policies. Using annual data on the air quality index (AQI) of 39 cities in the YRD from 2015 to 2018, the spatiotemporal regularity of the AQI is meticulously uncovered. Furthermore, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model is used to qualify the geographical heterogeneity of the effect of different socioeconomic variables on the AQI level. The empirical results show that (1) the urban agglomeration in the YRD presents an air pollution pattern of being low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The spatial correlation of the distribution of the AQI level is verified. The spatiotemporal regularity of the “high clustering club” and the “low clustering club” is obvious. (2) Different socioeconomic factors show obvious geographically heterogeneous effects on the AQI level. Among them, the impact intensity of transportation infrastructure is the largest, and the impact intensity of the openness level is the smallest. (3) The upgrading of the industrial structure improves the air quality status in the northwest more than it does in the southeast. The impact of transportation infrastructure on the air pollution of cities in Zhejiang Province is significantly higher than the impact on the air pollution of other cities. The air quality improvement brought by technological innovation decreases from north to south. With the expansion of urban size, there is a law according to which air quality first deteriorates and then improves. Finally, the government should promote the upgrading of key industries, reasonably control the scale of new construction land, and increase the cultivation of local green innovative enterprises.

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“…The former is usually concentrated in large-scale areas, such as the whole of China [13], the North China Plain [14] and so on. The latter has the characteristics of high monitoring frequency, which facilitates better exploration of seasonal and daily changes at the urban scale (such as small-and medium-sized areas) [15,16]. In addition, ground monitoring data are much more reliable and accurate than remote sensing inversion data [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of SO2 across Weifang from 2008 to 2020

Zhu

Zhang

2021

IJERPH

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China has achieved good results in SO2 pollution control, but SO2 pollution still exists in some areas. Analyzing the spatio-temporal distribution of SO2 is critical for regional SO2 pollution prevention and control. Compared with existing air pollution studies that paid more attention to PM2.5, NO2 and O3, and focused on the macro scale, this study took the small-scale Weifang city as the research area, analyzed the temporal and spatial changes in SO2, discussed the migration trajectory of SO2 pollution and explored the impact of wind on SO2 pollution. The results show that the average annual concentration of SO2 in Weifang has exhibited a downward trend in the past 13 years, showing the basic characteristics of “highest in winter, lowest in summer and slightly higher in spring and autumn”, “highest on Sunday, lowest on Thursday and gradually decreasing from Monday to Thursday” and “highest at 9 a.m., lowest at 4 p.m. and gradually increasing from midnight to 9 a.m.”. SO2 concentration showed obvious spatial heterogeneity: higher in the north and lower in the south. In addition, Shouguang, Changyi and Gaomi were seriously polluted. The SO2 pollution shifted from south to northeast. The clean wind direction (southeast wind and northeast wind) of Weifang city accounted for about 41%, and the pollution wind direction (northwest wind and west wind) accounted for about 7%. Drawing from the multi-scale analysis, vegetation, precipitation, temperature, transport situation and human activity were the most relevant factors. Limited to data collection, more quantitative research is needed to gain insight into the influence mechanism in the future.

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Air Pollution Characteristics and Health Risks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China during Winter

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Scavenging of Black Carbon Aerosols by Radiation Fog in Urban Central China

Scavenging of Black Carbon Aerosols by Radiation Fog in Urban Central China

Spatiotemporal Regularity and Socioeconomic Drivers of the AQI in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of SO2 across Weifang from 2008 to 2020

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