Air pollution and climate change effects on forest ecosystems: new evidence

Matyssek, Rainer; Schaub, Marcus; Wieser, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/s10342-010-0367-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the annual O 3 ‐related loss of wheat and rice in India is large enough to feed approximately 94 million people (Ghude et al, ), and the reduction in corn and soy yields in the United States costs ~$9 billion each year (McGrath et al, ). Timber production also decreases in response to O 3 , evidenced by stem dry mass decreases of ~12% (Matyssek et al, ). While the damage caused by O 3 is often countered by higher CO 2 concentrations, it is unclear how changing temperature and precipitation patterns will alter these interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Lombardozzi

Bonan

Levis³

et al. 2018

JGR Biogeosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the world's population increases, so will the demand for food and timber resources. Though carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fertilization and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen (N) deposition are expected to increase future resource production, changes in ozone (O 3 ) and climate have the potential to decrease production due to increased phytotoxic damage, drought, and heat stress. To determine how crop and timber production may change in the future, we use the Community Land Model version 4.5 with prognostic crops to simulate responses of wood biomass and crop yields to CO 2 , O 3 , N deposition, and climate under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 forcings. Generally, rising CO 2 increases wood biomass and crop yields, while projected climate change causes decreases. Small projected changes in O 3 and N deposition do not strongly affect yields, though additional research is needed on future O 3 and N deposition trends and impacts. By the end of the 21st century, global wood biomass increases by~16% due to the dominating impact of CO 2 . The positive effect of CO 2 on future crop yields is muted by the negative impacts of climate, with a~5% net global increase. Future projections suggest that rice and wheat yields typically increase under the combination of future forcings, whereas soy and corn yields are regionally variable. While short-term resource management strategies can benefit from planting heat-tolerant species and cultivars, technological advances and intensification, among other management strategies not included here, must be employed to meet the future demand for these resources.Plain Language Summary As the world's population increases, so will the demand for food and wood resources. Though these resources might increase due to the fertilizing effects of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and additional nitrogen (N) created by human sources, food and wood resources might decrease due to other environmental changes, like ground-level ozone (O 3 ), a toxic air pollutant, and climate, which can cause drought and heat stress. This study uses a global model to understand how food and wood resources may change in the future if there is no climate mitigation. Our results show that global wood biomass will increase by 16% and crop yields will increase by 5% at the end of the 21st century. While CO 2 increases wood biomass and crop yields, it does not always outweigh the negative effects of climate, especially for crops like soybean and corn. The future changes in O 3 and additional N were small and therefore did not change resource production very much. With the global food demand expected to increase by 65% and timber by 100%, these results suggest that resources may not increase enough to meet future demand unless additional, intensive management techniques are used, like expansion of managed area and irrigation, development of heat-and drought-tolerant crop and timber varieties, and other technological advances that can increase production in light of future environmental changes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Lombardozzi

Bonan

Levis³

et al. 2018

JGR Biogeosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Human activities generate multiple stresses on ecosystems throughout the world, with chemical pollution and climate change being among the most important. Recent research suggests that both pollution and climate changealone and in combinationare altering the structure, function, and services of ecosystems with consequent reductions in productivity, decreases in biomass, alteration in food-web dynamics, and shifts in species distribution (Karl and Trenberth 2003;Cramer 2006;Scholze, Knorr, and Arnell 2006;Matyssek, Schaub, and Wieser 2010;Backhaus, Snape, and Lazorchak 2012;van Dijk et al 2012;Brown et al 2015;Jing et al 2015). These changes can degrade ecosystems over long time periods and the effects can be difficult to reverse (Grimm et al 2013;Melissa 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between pollution and climate change augments ecological risk to a coastal ecosystem

Lü

Wang

Shi

et al. 2018

Ecosyst Health Sustain

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pollution and climate change are among the most challenging issues for countries with developing economies, but we know little about the ecological risks that result when these pressures occur together. We explored direct effects of, and interactions between, environmental pollution and climate change on ecosystem health in the Bohai Sea region of Northern China. We developed an integrated approach to assess ecological risks to this region under four scenarios of climate change. Although ecological risks to the system from pollution alone have been declining, interactions between pollution and climate change have enhanced ecological risks to this coastal/marine ecosystem. Our results suggest that current policies focused strictly on pollution control alone should be changed to take into account the interactive effects of climate change so as to better forecast and manage potential ecological risks.

show abstract

The impact of tropospheric ozone on landscape-level merchantable biomass and ecosystem carbon in Canadian forests

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Air pollution and climate change effects on forest ecosystems: new evidence

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Interaction between pollution and climate change augments ecological risk to a coastal ecosystem

The impact of tropospheric ozone on landscape-level merchantable biomass and ecosystem carbon in Canadian forests

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Air pollution and climate change effects on forest ecosystems: new evidence

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO2, O3, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO2, O3, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Interaction between pollution and climate change augments ecological risk to a coastal ecosystem

The impact of tropospheric ozone on landscape-level merchantable biomass and ecosystem carbon in Canadian forests

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate

Changes in Wood Biomass and Crop Yields in Response to Projected CO₂, O₃, Nitrogen Deposition, and Climate