Air pollution and breast cancer risk in the Black Women’s Health Study

White, Alexandra J.; Gregoire, Allyson M.; Niehoff, Nicole M.; Bertrand, Kimberly A.; Palmer, Julie R.; Coogan, Patricia F.; Bethea, Traci N.

doi:10.1289/isee.2020.virtual.p-0120

Cited by 1 publication

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“…[4][5][6] There is a growing body of scientific literature on environmental exposures and breast cancer epidemiology outcomes. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] High mammographic density is one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors that quantifies the amount of radiographically dense, fibroglandular tissues and the amount of fatty breast tissue. Compared with women with less than 5% dense tissue, women with 75% or more dense tissue have a 4.6-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to natural vegetation in relation to mammographic density in a Massachusetts-based clinical cohort

Blair

Warner

James

et al. 2022

Environmental Epidemiology

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Background: Inverse associations between natural vegetation exposure (i.e., greenness) and breast cancer risk have been reported; however, it remains unknown whether greenness affects breast tissue development or operates through other mechanisms (e.g., body mass index [BMI] or physical activity). We examined the association between greenness and mammographic density—a strong breast cancer risk factor—to determine whether greenness influences breast tissue composition independent of lifestyle factors. Methods: Women (n = 2,318) without a history of breast cancer underwent mammographic screening at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, from 2006 to 2014. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) satellite data at 1-km 2 resolution were used to estimate greenness at participants’ residential address 1, 3, and 5 years before mammogram. We used multivariable linear regression to estimate differences in log-transformed volumetric mammographic density measures and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each 0.1 unit increase in NDVI. Results: Five-year annual average NDVI was not associated with percent mammographic density in premenopausal (β = –0.01; 95% CI = –0.03, 0.02; P = 0.58) and postmenopausal women (β = –0.02; 95% CI = –0.04, 0.01; P = 0.18). Results were similar for 1-year and 3-year NDVI measures and in models including potential mediators of BMI and physical activity. There were also no associations between greenness and dense volume and nondense volume. Conclusions: Greenness exposures were not associated with mammographic density. Impact: Prior observations of a protective association between greenness and breast cancer may not be driven by differences in breast tissue composition, as measured by mammographic density, but rather other mechanisms.

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