Air Pollution and Asthma

Pfeffer, Paul; Mudway, Ian; Grigg, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.10.053

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Our main results show that proximity to major roads increases risk of both recurrent wheeze and asthma in a high-risk pediatric cohort. Our findings are comparable to studies focusing on early-life TRAP exposure, adding to evidence that exposures surrounding birth affect respiratory health of a growing infant [ 2 , 5 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Ongoing investigation is needed to identify similar risks in other susceptible populations to the adverse effects of TRAP with the potential to include other environmental factors that may act synergistically.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In general-pediatric population studies that assessed risk of wheeze (current, historical, or recurrent) or asthma and residential proximity exposure to TRAP, results have been inconsistent and often found weak or no association [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. The Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS) study found that infants (<1 year of age) living within 100 m of a moving traffic sources (e.g., highways) at birth did not have significant higher risk of recurrent wheeze [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of interest is traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) where researchers have previously shown that TRAP exposure during infancy is associated with decreased lung function and long-term respiratory consequences in allergen- and inhalant- sensitive children [ 2 , 14 ]. Decreased lung function has also been associated with increased risk for developing asthma [ 15 ]. Earlier studies note that infants and young children exposed to TRAP is a suggested risk factor for childhood asthma [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proximity to Major Roads and Risks of Childhood Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma in a Severe Bronchiolitis Cohort

Freid

Espinola

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Air pollution exposures have been suggested as risk factors for childhood respiratory diseases. We investigated proximity to major roads, an indicator of air pollution exposure, and its associations with childhood recurrent wheeze and asthma. We used data from a multicenter prospective cohort study of 921 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis and recruited from 14 U.S. states. Primary exposure was residential proximity to the nearest major road at birth through age 3 years. Residential distance from nearest major road was divided into four categories: <100, 100–200, 201–300, and >300 m. Outcomes were parent-reported recurrent wheeze by age 3 years and asthma by age 5 years. Associations between residential proximity to major roads and respiratory outcomes were investigated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling and logistic regression, adjusted for confounders. Out of 920 participants with home address data, pooled estimates identified 241 (26%) participants resided within 300 m of a major road, 296 (32%) developed recurrent wheeze by age 3, and 235 out of 858 participants (27%) developed asthma by 5 years. Participants who resided close to a major road had the highest risk of recurrent wheeze (adjusted hazards ratio for <100 m, 1.59, 95%CI: 1.08–2.33) and asthma (adjusted odds ratio for 201–300 m, 1.62, 95%CI: 1.16–2.25), compared to those residing >300 m from a major road. Proximity to major roads is associated with increased risks of recurrent wheeze and asthma in young children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proximity to Major Roads and Risks of Childhood Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma in a Severe Bronchiolitis Cohort

Freid

Espinola

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…These children often become controlled when these factors are addressed. Modifiable factors include poor medication adherence, 22 exposure to environmental factors such as pet allergens 23 and other indoor allergens such as fungi, 13 exposure to tobacco smoke, 24 air pollution, 25 and psychosocial factors. 26…”

Section: Difficult-to-treat Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine for Paediatric Severe Asthma: Current Status and Future Direction

Ramphul¹,

Lo²,

Gaillard³

2021

JAA

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Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, characterised by different phenotypes and endotypes. Precision medicine in asthma refers to the implementation of a targeted therapy for each individual child, based on the identification of treatable traits, including environmental, immunological and genetic factors. Severe asthma in children is associated with increased hospitalisation rates, a lower quality of life, increased healthcare costs and an increased mortality. In the era of new molecular biologics treatments, it is essential to improve deep phenotyping of children with severe asthma in order to deliver the most effective treatment to each individual child. In this review, we discuss the personalised approach to the assessment and management of severe asthma. We explore the indications and use of the currently licensed biologics, as well as the potential of other emerging treatments.

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“…Moreover, the correlation between air pollution and asthma has been investigated and described before [16][17][18][19]. Additionally, the link between air pollution and allergic diseases has been suggested; however, this causative relationship has not been well explained and studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise under Exposure to Air Pollution and Spirometry in Healthy Adults with and without Allergy

et al. 2021

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Ambient air pollution is a major environmental threat to human health. The acute effects of exposure to ambient air pollution during physical exercise may depend on allergy status. The aim of the study was to assess the acute respiratory responses to air pollution exposure during physical training in young adults with and without allergies. The studied group included 71 healthy young adults (n = 16 with allergy and n = 55 without allergy). Students completed two indoor physical training trials lasting 45–60 min: when air pollutants concentrations were high (exposure trial) and low (control trial). During each trial, we monitored outdoor and indoor environmental conditions. Participants performed spirometry at baseline and directly after the exercise. Exercise during exposure trials led to a small decrease in the percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ref). Only during the control trials did the FEV1/forced vital capacity quotient (FEV1/FVC) statistically significantly increase. Moreover, just in the allergy group, there were statistically significant negative correlations between post-exercise FEV1/FVC change and 3 h average outdoor particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 µm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations (PM10: r = −0.54, p = 0.02, NO2: r = −0.60, p = 0.02). In young and healthy adults, sports training under exposure to high levels of ambient air pollutants leads to a small decrease in FEV1. The allergy might be a modifying factor in the respiratory responses to air pollution. Post-exercise decrease in FEV1/FVC was related to pre-exercise 3 h averages of PM10 and NO2 only in people with ever-diagnosed upper-respiratory allergy.

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Air Pollution and Asthma

Cited by 50 publications

References 82 publications

Proximity to Major Roads and Risks of Childhood Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma in a Severe Bronchiolitis Cohort

Proximity to Major Roads and Risks of Childhood Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma in a Severe Bronchiolitis Cohort

Precision Medicine for Paediatric Severe Asthma: Current Status and Future Direction

Exercise under Exposure to Air Pollution and Spirometry in Healthy Adults with and without Allergy

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