Air pollutant-enhanced respiratory disease in experimental animals.

Gilmour, M. Ian; Daniels, Michael J.; McCrillis, R.C.; Winsett, Darrell W.; Selgrade, MaryJane K.

doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s4619

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In many cases, these effects have been associated with concomitant increases in susceptibility to respiratory infection (reviewed in [ 6 ]). Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated a decrease in a broad range of innate and adaptive host defenses following inhalation exposure to both single agents or complex mixtures such as cigarette smoke and car exhaust [ 48 ]. While most reports were designed to assess how pollutant exposure affected a subsequent pathogenic challenge, the present study followed the course of viral proliferation during an ongoing exposure to diluted diesel exhaust.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice

et al. 2010

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Numerous studies have shown that air pollutants, including diesel exhaust (DE), reduce host defenses, resulting in decreased resistance to respiratory infections. This study sought to determine if DE exposure could affect the severity of an ongoing influenza infection in mice, and examine if this could be modulated with antioxidants. BALB/c mice were treated by oropharyngeal aspiration with 50 plaque forming units of influenza A/HongKong/8/68 and immediately exposed to air or 0.5 mg/m3 DE (4 hrs/day, 14 days). Mice were necropsied on days 1, 4, 8 and 14 post-infection and lungs were assessed for virus titers, lung inflammation, immune cytokine expression and pulmonary responsiveness (PR) to inhaled methacholine. Exposure to DE during the course of infection caused an increase in viral titers at days 4 and 8 post-infection, which was associated with increased neutrophils and protein in the BAL, and an early increase in PR. Increased virus load was not caused by decreased interferon levels, since IFN-β levels were enhanced in these mice. Expression and production of IL-4 was significantly increased on day 1 and 4 p.i. while expression of the Th1 cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-12p40 was decreased. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine did not affect diesel-enhanced virus titers but blocked the DE-induced changes in cytokine profiles and lung inflammation. We conclude that exposure to DE during an influenza infection polarizes the local immune responses to an IL-4 dominated profile in association with increased viral disease, and some aspects of this effect can be reversed with antioxidants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice

et al. 2010

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“…Concerning physical health, exposure to air pollution indisputably causes respiratory diseases [14]. Gilmour et al [15] find that human immune function will be weakened if exposed to airborne particulates. de Oliveira Alves et al [16] reveal that exposure to air pollution will strongly increase the levels of inflammatory cytokines and DNA damage.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Short- and Long-Run Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health: New Evidence from China

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Under the background of the far-reaching impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on global economic development, the interactive effect of economic recovery and pollution rebound makes the research topic of air pollution and human health receive attention again. Matching a series of new datasets and employing thermal inversion as an instrumental variable, this study investigates the physical and mental health effect of air pollution jointly in China. We find that in the short run, the above inference holds for both physical and mental health. These short-run influences are credible after a series of robustness checks and vary with different individual characteristics and geographical locations. We also find that in the long run, air pollution only damages mental health. Finally, this study calculates the health cost of air pollution. The above findings indicate that in China, the effect of air pollution on physical and mental health cannot be ignored. The government needs to consider the heterogeneity and long-run and short-run differences in the health effects of air pollution when formulating corresponding environmental and medical policies.

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“…The present knowledge on the effects of air pollution on biodiversity is largely confined to studies conducted in laboratories or focused on individual cases related to the toxicity of pollution exposure(Newman, 1979;Llacuna et al, 1993;Gilmour et al, 2001;Salmón et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Environmental Effects of Economic Production: Evidence from Ecological Observations

Liang,

Rudik,

Zou

2023

Preprint

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Air pollutant-enhanced respiratory disease in experimental animals.

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice

Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice

The Short- and Long-Run Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health: New Evidence from China

The Environmental Effects of Economic Production: Evidence from Ecological Observations

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