Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists

Riley, D. N.; Wilson, David R.

doi:10.2307/526435

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…underground in the European area has been the subject of permanent professional interest (Crawford 1929;Riley 1944 andJones -Evans 1975;Stanjek -Fassbinder 1995;Palmer 1996;Bewley 1996;Wilson 2000;Barber 2011, 111-127). Several texts have been published especially in the last decade based on the experience of researchers with observing growth and colour changes during the vegetation cycle at their studied sites (e.g., Rączkowski 2011, 40-41), or which use statistics to attempt to create predictive models of the probable occurrence of cropmarks in connection with soil conditions and geomorphology (Czajlik et al 2021).…”

Section: -267mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ve střední Evropě, konkrétně v Čechách, bylo pozorování porostových příznaků poprvé zaznamenáno v polovině 19. století, kdy K. V. Zap referoval o tomto jevu v souvislosti s popisem areálu bojiště u Kolína, kde ztotožnil místa s projevy porostových příznaků s hroby vojáků padlých v jedné z nejkrvavějších bitev Sedmileté války (1756-1763; Zap 1855; k záznamům o výskytu porostových příznaků před rozvojem letectví viz též Benson -Miles 1974;Schmidt 1893, 244-247;Píč 1903, 9). Od 20. let minulého století je problematika vegetačních příznaků, jakožto v evropském prostoru zdaleka nejčastěji využívaných indikátorů památek pohřbených pod zemí, předmětem trvalého odborného zájmu (Crawford 1929;Riley 1946Riley a 1983Jones -Evans 1975;Stanjek -Fassbinder 1995;Palmer 1996;Bewley 1996;Wilson 2000;Barber 2011, 111-127). (Malina 2020;Gojda et al 2022a).…”

Section: Vegetační Příznaky Jako Projev Krajinné Pamětiunclassified

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From Air Survey to GIS-Aided Mapping, Photogrammetry-Based 3D Modelling and the Virtual Reconstructions of Czech Lowland Crop-Marked Archaeological Sites / Od leteckého průzkumu a mapování k tvorbě digitálního výškopisného modelu a 3D virtuálních rekonstrukcí lokalit identifikovaných prostřednictvím porostových příznaků v nížinných oblastech Čech

Gojda,

Unger

2023

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In this paper we want to present how data acquired in the 25 years long period during aerial archaeological survey – carried out by the Prague Institute of Archaeology, Czech Academy of Sciences – of buried sites seasonally displayed through cropmarks have recently been processed in order to become a type of document of the same value as the documents produced by means of archaeological excavation, i.e. large scale maps and plans of the detected and photographed crop-marked sites. A principal attention is given to the application of modern methods of 3D modelling. Representative examples are gradually selected from several hundred archaeological sites hidden beneath the earth’s surface and seasonally visible through ‘vegetation/crop marks’ in order to document the potential of such marks to get an idea of the layout of detected sites (individual features as well as complex settlement areas). A ‘flight’ over a virtual prehistoric or historical landscape in the form of animated video clips can then present in an attractive way, especially to the general public, the characteristic features of the past landscape. V této práci přinášíme informace o tom, jakým způsobem jsou v současnosti zpracovávána data získaná během 25 let trvajícího letecko-archeologického průzkumu, dlouhodobého výzkumného programu, uskutečňovaného v pražském Archeologickém ústavu AV ČR. Heuristická fáze programu byla založena na identifikaci a fotoletecké dokumentaci pod povrchem terénu ukrytých objektů/lokalit, které jsou za příhodných podmínek zviditelňované prostřednictvím vegetačních příznaků. V posledních letech probíhá zpracování získaných dat do podoby stejného druhu dokumentů, které jsou pořizovány během terénních výzkumů odkryvem – tedy map velkého měřítka a plánů lokalit objevených výše uvedeným způsobem. Velký význam má v tomto procesu aplikace moderních postupů tvorby 3D modelů. Z několika set archeologických lokalit jsou postupně vybírány příklady, na nichž lze dokumentovat potenciál vegetačních příznaků pro získání představy o půdorysu detekovaných lokalit. „Průletem“ nad virtuální krajinou formou animovaných klipů lze zejména široké veřejnosti přiblížit charakteristické rysy pravěké či středověké krajiny.

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Section: -267mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vegetační Příznaky Jako Projev Krajinné Pamětiunclassified

From Air Survey to GIS-Aided Mapping, Photogrammetry-Based 3D Modelling and the Virtual Reconstructions of Czech Lowland Crop-Marked Archaeological Sites / Od leteckého průzkumu a mapování k tvorbě digitálního výškopisného modelu a 3D virtuálních rekonstrukcí lokalit identifikovaných prostřednictvím porostových příznaků v nížinných oblastech Čech

Gojda,

Unger

2023

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“…Whereas the identification of earthworks as relief features in imagery will depend on factors such as lighting and vegetation conditions (e.g., Figure 7), for buried archaeological features recorded through vegetation proxies (or cropmarking), the period of data acquisition is time critical. Cropmarking depends on seasonal weather conditions and the state of development in crops (Evans & Jones, 1977; Wilson, 2000), which can vary greatly from year to year and locally or regionally (e.g., Agapiou et al, 2013; Cowley, 2016, 63–5). The relatively narrow window of time for detecting archaeological cropmarking in Scotland spans very late June and all of July, occasionally extending into early August.…”

Section: Use Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of high temporal frequency satellite data for historic environment applications. A case study from Scotland

McGrath

Cowley

Hood

et al. 2022

Archaeological Prospection

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This paper assesses the value of high temporal frequency satellite data with various spatial sampling resolutions for multi‐scalar historic environment survey and management use cases in Scotland, specifically for broad‐brush landscape characterisation, for monitoring the condition of monuments and for the discovery of otherwise unknown sites. Dealing with a part of the world where applications of satellite imagery are almost entirely unexplored, this study takes a real‐world approach, which foregrounds the purpose at hand rather than presenting a case study from an optimal setting. The study highlights the importance of detailed imagery to support interpretation in some instances, and the challenges of obtaining time‐critical optical imagery in a part of the world that experiences significant periods of cloud cover. The real‐world availability of data in such settings is assessed, highlighting that even with daily revisits, useable imagery cannot be guaranteed. The implications of current and past tasking patterns for availability of high‐resolution data now and in the future are discussed. The study identifies the complementary roles that satellite imagery can fulfil, while identifying the limitations that remain to fuller applications of such data, in a study that will be relevant to many parts of Europe and beyond.

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“…in addition, the association of pitcircles with features such as souterrains strongly suggests that they are roundhouses (see for example Watkins 1978-80;armit 1999) and two detached pits set just outside a pit-circle usually represents the porch structure of a roundhouse. another characteristic of some roundhouse sites is the presence of radially elongated pits (maxwell 1978, 113;Wilson 2000), representing the presence of pairs of posts, and at some sites it is possible to identify part of a second almost distinct but overlapping ring of pits (illus 4). this is likely to represent the replacement of the house in roughly the same position over time.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turning in circles: a new assessment of the Neolithic timber circles of Scotland

Millican¹

2008

PSAS

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The large and growing number of timber circles recorded in Scotland as cropmarks on aerial photographs testifies to the important part they must have played in the later Neolithic monumental repertoire. However, this record of plough-levelled sites remains poorly understood, partly due to the problems involved in the interpretation of timber circles from cropmarks and the limited research that has taken place. In addition, it is rarely integrated with evidence from excavations. This paper, based upon research undertaken in 2003 for a Masters dissertation (Millican 2003) and recently updated, is an attempt to remedy this imbalance and outlines the current evidence for timber circles in Scotland and the new insight this provides into these enigmatic sites.

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Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

An assessment of high temporal frequency satellite data for historic environment applications. A case study from Scotland

Turning in circles: a new assessment of the Neolithic timber circles of Scotland

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