Air Liquides Contribution to the Cern LHC Refrigeration System

Dauguet, P.; Gistau-Baguer, G. M.; Briend, P.; Hilbert, B.; Monneret, E.; Villard, J. C.; Marot, G.; Delcayre, F.; Mantileri, C.; Hamber, F.; Courty, J. C.; Hirel, P.; Cohu, A.; Moussavi, H.

doi:10.1063/1.2908597

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The overall efficiency of a cryoplant is the ratio between the cooling power produced and the electric power consumed. For the CFETR cryogenic system, an overall efficiency of 1/250 is assumed for the helium plant and the nitrogen plant respectively, based on the measured performance of the LHC cryogenic system [29,30]. The efficiency of large scale helium refrigerators at 4.5 K ranges from ~1/220 to ~1/300 [31].…”

Section: Conceptual Design Of the Cfetr Cryogenic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design of the cryogenic system and estimation of the recirculated power for CFETR

Liu

Qiu

et al. 2016

Nucl. Fusion

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The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is the next tokamak in China’s roadmap for realizing commercial fusion energy. The CFETR cryogenic system is crucial to creating and maintaining operational conditions for its superconducting magnet system and thermal shields. The preliminary conceptual design of the CFETR cryogenic system has been carried out with reference to that of ITER. It will provide an average capacity of 75 to 80 kW at 4.5 K and a peak capacity of 1300 kW at 80 K. The electric power consumption of the cryogenic system is estimated to be 24 MW, and the gross building area is about 7000 m2. The relationships among the auxiliary power consumed by the cryogenic system, the fusion power gain and the recirculated power of CFETR are discussed, with the suggestion that about 52% of the electric power produced by CFETR in phase II must be recirculated to run the fusion test reactor.

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Section: Conceptual Design Of the Cfetr Cryogenic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design of the cryogenic system and estimation of the recirculated power for CFETR

Liu

Qiu

et al. 2016

Nucl. Fusion

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“…For example the American Jefferson Lab (5.0 kW at 2.0 K) and SNS (2.5 kW at 2.0 K) refrigerators use four stages of the Air Liquide cryogenic centrifugal compressors (figures 7 and 8). There are also 12 similar machines operating in 4 LHC 2.4 kW at 1.8 K refrigerators at CERN [3], [4] Geneva. …”

Section: Cryogenic Centrifugal Compressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Air Liquide refrigeration systems between 1.8 K and 200 K

Gondrand¹,

Durand²,

Delcayre³

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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An emission spectrum for WASP-121b measured across the 0.8–1.1 μm wavelength range using the Hubble Space Telescope

Evans

Sing

Goyal

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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WASP-121b is a transiting gas giant exoplanet orbiting close to its Roche limit, with an inflated radius nearly double that of Jupiter and a dayside temperature comparable to a late M dwarf photosphere. Secondary eclipse observations covering the 1.1-1.6 µm wavelength range have revealed an atmospheric thermal inversion on the dayside hemisphere, likely caused by high altitude absorption at optical wavelengths. Here we present secondary eclipse observations made with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 spectrograph that extend the wavelength coverage from 1.1 µm down to 0.8 µm. To determine the atmospheric properties from the measured eclipse spectrum, we performed a retrieval analysis assuming chemical equilibrium, with the effects of thermal dissociation and ionization included. Our best-fit model provides a good fit to the data with reduced χ 2 ν = 1.04. The data diverge from a blackbody spectrum and instead exhibit emission due to H − shortward of 1.1 µm. The best-fit model does not reproduce a previously reported bump in the spectrum at 1.25µm, possibly indicating this feature is a statistical fluctuation in the data rather than a VO emission band as had been tentatively suggested. We estimate an atmospheric metallicity of [M/H] = 1.09 +0.57 −0.69 , and fit for the carbon and oxygen abundances separately, obtaining [C/H] = −0.29 +0.61 −0.48 and [O/H] = 0.18 +0.64 −0.60 . The corresponding carbon-tooxygen ratio is C/O = 0.49 +0.65 −0.37 , which encompasses the solar value of 0.54, but has a large uncertainty.

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Air Liquides Contribution to the Cern LHC Refrigeration System

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Conceptual design of the cryogenic system and estimation of the recirculated power for CFETR

Conceptual design of the cryogenic system and estimation of the recirculated power for CFETR

Overview of Air Liquide refrigeration systems between 1.8 K and 200 K

An emission spectrum for WASP-121b measured across the 0.8–1.1 μm wavelength range using the Hubble Space Telescope

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