Air–Liquid Interface Cell Exposures to Nanoparticle Aerosols

Lewinski, Nastassja A.; Liu, Nathan; Asimakopoulou, Akrivi; Papaioannou, Eleni; Konstandopoulos, Athanasios G.; Riediker, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-6840-4_21

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Recently, the traditional method of two-dimensional single-layer cell culture was replaced with more innovative methods, since it does not faithfully reflect what is observed within tissues in vivo [ 141 , 142 ]. The main reason for the inadequacy of these cell culture systems is the lack of the architectural support and heterogeneity typical of the cells of the lung tissue.…”

Section: Cell Systems To Study the Effects Of Environmental Contamina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Air Pollution in Airway Diseases: Role of the Epithelial Cells (Cell Models and Biomarkers)

Albano

Montalbano

Gagliardo

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Biomedical research is multidisciplinary and often uses integrated approaches performing different experimental models with complementary functions. This approach is important to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms concerning the effects of environmental pollution on human health. The biological activity of the substances is investigated at least to three levels using molecular, cellular, and human tissue models. Each of these is able to give specific answers to experimental problems. A scientific approach, using biological methods (wet lab), cell cultures (cell lines or primary), isolated organs (three-dimensional cell cultures of primary epithelial cells), and animal organisms, including the human body, aimed to understand the effects of air pollution on the onset of diseases of the respiratory system. Biological methods are divided into three complementary models: in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. In vitro experiments do not require the use of whole organisms (in vivo study), while ex vivo experiments use isolated organs or parts of organs. The concept of complementarity and the informatic support are useful tools to organize, analyze, and interpret experimental data, with the aim of discussing scientific notions with objectivity and rationality in biology and medicine. In this scenario, the integrated and complementary use of different experimental models is important to obtain useful and global information that allows us to identify the effect of inhaled pollutants on the incidence of respiratory diseases in the exposed population. In this review, we focused our attention on the impact of air pollution in airway diseases with a rapid and descriptive analysis on the role of epithelium and on the experimental cell models useful to study the effect of toxicants on epithelial cells.

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Section: Cell Systems To Study the Effects Of Environmental Contamina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Air Pollution in Airway Diseases: Role of the Epithelial Cells (Cell Models and Biomarkers)

Albano

Montalbano

Gagliardo

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…When fully immersed, nanoparticles (NPs) aggregate or agglomerate to an unpredictable status; hence, CON methods fail to mimic real-life interactions between NPs in the respiratory system or between NPs and cells at the air–liquid interface (ALI) . On the other hand, ALI exposure methods have been developed − to simulate a realistic exposure situation in the respiratory system with NPs deposited directly onto the cells through cloud settling, gravitational settling, diffusional deposition, and electrostatic precipitation. , Among these deposition approaches, electrostatic precipitation delivers NPs uniformly with high efficiency, ,, along with less stress arising from electric field and air flow conditions. , However, currently available ALI exposure devices are costly and complicated for operation, which does not allow most laboratories to conduct in vitro tests on ALI. Therefore, it would be of interest and need to develop a novel and user-friendly exposure device for reliable assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 On the other hand, ALI exposure methods have been developed 19−22 to simulate a realistic exposure situation in the respiratory system with NPs deposited directly onto the cells through cloud settling, gravitational settling, diffusional deposition, and electrostatic precipitation. 23,24 Among these deposition approaches, electrostatic precipitation delivers NPs uniformly with high efficiency, 21,22,25 along with less stress arising from electric field and air flow conditions. 26,27 However, currently available ALI exposure devices are costly and complicated for operation, which does not allow most laboratories to conduct in vitro tests on ALI.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Novel Shallow Liquid Interface Exposure System for MWCNT Toxicity Assessment

Tien

Ding

et al. 2019

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Increasing applications of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) lead to significant occupational exposure and potential health concerns. Toxicity of MWCNT should be carefully elucidated since the conventional (CON) method with fully immersed condition fails to mimic the air–liquid interface (ALI) in airways. Additionally, quantification of MWCNT in cells was a real challenge. Currently available ALI exposure devices are costly, posing problems to conducting in vitro evaluations for emerging nanomaterials. A novel system, consisting of a shaker fluidized-bed atomizer (SFA) and electrostatic shallow liquid interface (ESLI) exposure chamber, has been developed for investigating nanotoxicity of well-dispersed pristine-MWCNT (pMWCNT) and carboxylized-MWCNT (cMWCNT). After 24-h exposure, LDH, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α releases were determined, and cell uptakes were quantified according to the molybdenum content in cells. Biological responses triggered by SLI exposure are obviously more sensitive compared with those caused by CON exposure at equivalent doses. Exposure dose-dependent release of LDH and IL-6 was highlighted in A549 cells, indicating higher cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses of cMWCNT attributed to its shorter length, smaller size, and higher cell uptake. Cell-associated dose-dependent release of LDH and IL-6 was highlighted in RAW264.7 cells, revealing the higher adverse health risk of pMWCNT due to frustrated phagocytosis and its much higher molybdenum content. These results suggest that inherent characteristics of cells and distinct physicochemical properties of pMWCNT and cMWCNT lead to either exposure dose-dependent or cell-associated dose-dependent responses. Notably, the SLI is superior to the CON exposure method and well suited for nanotoxicity assessment of different MWCNTs.

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Through the Looking Glass: In Vitro Models for Inhalation Toxicology and Interindividual Variability in the Airway

Faber

McCullough

2018

Applied In Vitro Toxicology

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With 7 million deaths reported annually from air pollution alone, it is evident that adverse effects of inhaled toxicant exposures remain a major public health concern in the 21st century. Assessment and characterization of the impacts of air pollutants on human health stems from epidemiological and clinical studies, which have linked both outdoor and indoor air contaminant exposure to adverse pulmonary and cardiovascular health outcomes. Studies in animal models support epidemiological findings and have been critical in identifying systemic effects of environmental chemicals on cognitive abilities, liver disease, and metabolic dysfunction following inhalation exposure. Likewise, traditional monoculture systems have aided in identifying biomarkers of susceptibility to inhaled toxicants and served as a screening platform for safety assessment of pulmonary toxicants. Despite their contributions, in vivo and classic in vitro models have not been able to accurately represent the heterogeneity of the human population and account for interindividual variability in response to inhaled toxicants and susceptibility to the adverse health effects. Development of new technologies that can investigate genetic predisposition, are cost and time efficient, and are ethically sound, will enhance elucidation of mechanisms of inhalation toxicity, and aid in the development of novel pharmaceuticals and/or safety evaluation. This review will describe the classic and novel cell-based inhalation toxicity models and how these emerging technologies can be incorporated into regulatory or nonregulatory testing to address interindividual variability and improve overall human health.

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Air–Liquid Interface Cell Exposures to Nanoparticle Aerosols

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of Air Pollution in Airway Diseases: Role of the Epithelial Cells (Cell Models and Biomarkers)

Impact of Air Pollution in Airway Diseases: Role of the Epithelial Cells (Cell Models and Biomarkers)

Development of a Novel Shallow Liquid Interface Exposure System for MWCNT Toxicity Assessment

Through the Looking Glass: In Vitro Models for Inhalation Toxicology and Interindividual Variability in the Airway

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