Air gasification of mixed plastic wastes using a two-stage gasifier for the production of producer gas with low tar and a high caloric value

Kim, Jin-Won; Mun, Tae‐Young; Kim, Jin-O; Kim, Joo-Sik

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.02.021

Cited by 106 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On the Figure 4 there is presented dependence of the lower heating value (LHV) of obtaining gas versus an air ratio. The lower heating value (LHV) in MJ/m 3 n of the syngas was estimated using the formula given below [21]:…”

Section: Fuel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of a Dried Sewage Sludge in a Laboratory Scale Fixed Bed Reactor

Werle

2015

Energies

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This paper presents an investigation of sewage sludge gasification in a fixed bed gasifier. Experiments were conducted on a laboratory scale fixed bed gasifier. In the experiments, two types of dried sewage sludge were tested and their properties were analysed. Parameters such as air ratio λ = 0.12 to 0.27, gasification agent temperature t = 50 to 250 °C and gasification agent composition ( = 0.21 and > 0.21) were found to influence on temperature distribution, syngas Lower Heating Value (LHV) and syngas composition. The results indicate that the syngas LHV was found to decrease with increased air ratio for all analyzed cases: cold and preheated air and cold enriched air. The increase in the percentage of the main combustible components was accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide. Increasing oxygen concentration increased the temperature, which tended to favor the formation of smaller molecules in the gas mixture. Thus, the enriched air medium produced a gas with a higher LHV. In contrast to conventional gasification, gasification process with gasification agent preheating causes that the flux of heat necessary to support endothermic gasification reactions is producing more effective. Air preheating causes increases hydrogen and carbon monoxide production.

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Section: Fuel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of a Dried Sewage Sludge in a Laboratory Scale Fixed Bed Reactor

Werle

2015

Energies

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“…The CO concentration was ~18 wt.% for the experiments carried out with catalysts, while a concentration of ~22 wt.% was obtained using the bed of sand. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the increase in the concentration of both H 2 and CO can be influenced by reactions such as steam reforming and water-gas (Reactions 1 and 5, Table 3), additionally an increase in hydrogen produced might be explained by the enhancement of cracking reactions (Reactions 3 and 4, Table 3) [36]. In addition, by using the bed of sand, much higher concentrations for CH 4 and C 2 -C 4 were obtained, highlighting the promotion of tar cracking by using Ni/SiO 2 catalysts.…”

Section: Mass Balance and Gas Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Pyrolysis/Gasification of Refuse Derived Fuel for Hydrogen Production and Tar Reduction: Influence of Nickel to Citric Acid Ratio Using Ni/SiO2 Catalysts

Blanco

Onwudili

et al. 2013

Waste Biomass Valor

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Gasification technology is an attractive alternative for the thermal treatment of solid wastes, producing a high energy value hydrogen rich syngas. The presence of tar in the produced gas diminishes its quality and potential use in further processes; for this reason the reduction of tar in waste gasification is a major challenge. In this work the pyrolysis/gasification of refuse derived fuel (RDF) from municipal solid wastes, was investigated using a two-stage reaction system with Ni/SiO 2 catalysts prepared by a sol-gel method varying the citric acid concentration (CA). The fresh and reacted catalysts were characterised for surface area and pore size distribution, temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of the nickel to citric acid ratio (Ni:CA) was evaluated in terms of the characteristics and performance of the Ni/SiO 2 catalysts. The results showed that the prepared Ni/SiO 2 catalysts exhibited a relatively high surface area and an increase in pore size distribution as the Ni:CA ratio was increased. The efficiency of the prepared catalysts on tar reduction and hydrogen production was examined during the pyrolysis/gasification of RDF; the results were compared with a blank experiment using a bed of sand. The tar fraction was quantified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A low tar concentration of ~0.2 mg tar /g RDF was attained using the catalysts with Ni:CA ratios of 1:1 and 1:3; additionally a high hydrogen concentration (58 vol.%), and low CH 4 (2.2 vol.%) and C 2 -C 4 concentrations (0.8 vol.%), were attained using the catalyst with a Ni:CA ratio of 1:3. A higher tar concentration of ~1.7 mg tar /g RDF was attained using the bed of sand, while the hydrogen production was remarkably decreased. The major tar compounds identified in the tar samples using the Ni/SiO 2 catalysts were phenol, cresols, naphthalene, fluorene, and phenanthrene.

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“…In this article, five alternative fuels were considered for study with the process model. The chemical composition of the alternative fuels in terms of elemental analysis and ash analysis data was collected from the literature [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] and has been summarized in Table 3. SR is related with the liquid phase of the clinker at high temperature and controls the burnability of the clinker.…”

Section: Alternative Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Energy Performance and Emission Control Using Alternative Fuels in Cement Industry through a Process Model

et al. 2017

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Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy intensive processes and is accountable for substantial pollutant emissions. Increasing energy costs compel stakeholders and researchers to search for alternative options to improve energy performance and reduce CO 2 emissions. Alternative fuels offer a realistic solution towards the reduction of the usage of fossil fuels and the mitigation of pollutant emissions. This paper developed a process model of a precalciner kiln system in the cement industry using Aspen Plus software to simulate the effect of five alternative fuels on pollutant emissions and energy performance. The alternatives fuels used were tyre, municipal solid waste (MSW), meat and bone meal (MBM), plastic waste and sugarcane bagasse. The model was developed on the basis of energy and mass balance of the system and was validated against data from a reference cement plant. This study also investigated the effect of these alternative fuels on the quality of the clinker. The results indicated that up to a 4.4% reduction in CO 2 emissions and up to a 6.4% reduction in thermal energy requirement could be achieved using these alternative fuels with 20% mix in coal. It was also found that the alternative fuels had minimum influence on the clinker quality except in the case of MSW. Overall, MBM was found to be a better option as it is capable on reducing energy requirement and CO 2 emissions more than others. The outcomes of the study offer better understanding of the effects of solid alternative fuels to achieve higher energy performance and on mitigating pollutant emissions in cement industry.

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Air gasification of mixed plastic wastes using a two-stage gasifier for the production of producer gas with low tar and a high caloric value

Cited by 106 publications

References 21 publications

Gasification of a Dried Sewage Sludge in a Laboratory Scale Fixed Bed Reactor

Gasification of a Dried Sewage Sludge in a Laboratory Scale Fixed Bed Reactor

Catalytic Pyrolysis/Gasification of Refuse Derived Fuel for Hydrogen Production and Tar Reduction: Influence of Nickel to Citric Acid Ratio Using Ni/SiO2 Catalysts

Assessment of Energy Performance and Emission Control Using Alternative Fuels in Cement Industry through a Process Model

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