Air/Fluid-Dropping Technique for Intracapsular Distilled Water Application

Zhang, Qi; Huang, Liuhui; Jin, Haiying; Li, Jing; Zhao, Peiquan

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000001944

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For instance, sirolimus and CsA, two immunosuppressive agents, could not only inhibit LECs' proliferation [ 12 , 13 ], but also kill LECs [ 49 , 50 ]. The administration mode, a key factor that influences the pharmacological action, includes eyedrop [ 12 ], injection during hydrodissection [ 44 ] or after removing the lens cortex [ 48 ], and implantation of IOL combined with drugs [ 9 ]. Researchers thought that the method of injecting drugs into the capsule during cataract surgery could not only make drugs have full access to LECs, but also satisfy the clinical need of simplicity, quickness, and practicability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Drugs On Clearing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its osmotic pressure is approximately 0, which is obviously lower than the osmotic pressure of human tissue cells that is within 280 mmol/L∼310 mmol/L, and DW can cause cells bursting by absorbing water to help eliminate cells. Scholars [ 3 , 48 ] infused the capsule with DW for 3 minutes after removing the lens cortex in human cataract surgery and proved that DW could reliably eliminate LECs and decrease the occurrence of lens capsule opacification. For protecting intraocular tissues, Rekas et al [ 3 ] used a sealed-capsule irrigation (SCI), a specific device that could close the capsule and prevent drugs extravasation, but SCI had a fixed size that was not suitable for some patients and patients who are prepared to have microincisional cataract surgery.…”

Section: Clearing or Killing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For protecting intraocular tissues, Rekas et al [ 3 ] used a sealed-capsule irrigation (SCI), a specific device that could close the capsule and prevent drugs extravasation, but SCI had a fixed size that was not suitable for some patients and patients who are prepared to have microincisional cataract surgery. Zhang et al [ 48 ] made use of air to sustain the anterior chamber and protect intraocular tissues with the vitrectomy equipment and special syringe made independently, which was effective but added difficulty and complication of surgery. Hence, how to take advantage of DW to prevent lens capsule opacification safely and efficaciously still needs innovation of surgical methods.…”

Section: Clearing or Killing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Progress of Drug Prophylaxis for Lens Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery

Zhang

Xie

2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is the international standard operation procedure for cataract and has been generalized worldwide. However, lens capsule opacification, one of the common complications after cataract surgery, impacts the recovery of patients’ visual function to a large extent. Lens capsule opacification has two types, anterior capsule opacification (ACO) and posterior capsule opacification (PCO), according to the location. There is not an accepted approach to treat ACO. Nd : YAG laser capsulotomy, the common treatment of PCO, can effectively improve the vision, but may cause a series of complications and is inappropriate for children who are too young to cooperate with this treatment. It is generally known that the responses of lens epithelial cells (LECs) after cataract surgery, including cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), play a key role in the pathogenesis of lens capsule opacification. Scholars found that substantial drugs can reduce the occurrence of lens capsule opacification by inhibiting, clearing, or killing LECs, and made great efforts as well as innovations on the exploration of drug species or modes of administration. This article is a systematic interpretation and elaboration about how to prevent lens capsule opacification after cataract surgery via different drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Drugs On Clearing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clearing or Killing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clearing or Killing Lecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Research Progress of Drug Prophylaxis for Lens Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery

Zhang

Xie

2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…These include targeting different processes of PCO development including anti-proliferation, anti-migration, anti-adhesion and anti-metabolite [12]. The intracapsular application methods of drug delivery for these purposes include direct in jection, sealed-capsule irrigation (SCI) devices, and implants (i.e., lens refilling and IOL) Table 1 [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] summarizes those drugs, their targeting mechanisms and administration…”

Section: Conventional Delivery Of Free Drug(s) Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Translation of Long-Acting Drug Delivery Systems for Posterior Capsule Opacification Prophylaxis

Chen

Guo

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) remains the most common cause of vision loss post cataract surgery. The clinical management of PCO formation is limited to either physical impedance of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) by implantation of specially designed intraocular lenses (IOL) or laser ablation of the opaque posterior capsular tissues; however, these strategies cannot fully eradicate PCO and are associated with other ocular complications. In this review, we critically appraise recent advances in conventional and nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches to PCO prophylaxis. We focus on long-acting dosage forms, including drug-eluting IOL, injectable hydrogels, nanoparticles and implants, highlighting analysis of their controlled drug-release properties (e.g., release duration, maximum drug release, drug-release half-life). The rational design of drug delivery systems by considering the intraocular environment, issues of initial burst release, drug loading content, delivery of drug combination and long-term ocular safety holds promise for the development of safe and effective pharmacological applications in anti-PCO therapies.

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Overexpression of TRPV1 activates autophagy in human lens epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress through Ca2+-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway

Huang,

Chen,

Liang

et al. 2024

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells (LECs) under hyperosmotic stress. METHODS: LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270, 300, 400, 500, or 600 mOsm for 6, 12, 18, 24h in vitro. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for the mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes, while Western blotting detected the targeted protein expression. The transfection of stub-RFP-sens-GFP-LC3 autophagy-related double fluorescence lentivirus was conducted to detect the level of autophagy flux. Scanning electron microscopy was used to detect the existence of autolysosome. Short interfering RNA of autophagy-related gene (ATG) 7, transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 1 overexpression plasmid, related agonists and inhibitors were employed to their influence on autophagy related pathway. Flow cytometry was employed to test the apoptosis and intracellular Ca2+ level. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 staining. The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to calculate the cellular viability. The wound healing assay was used to evaluate the wound closure rate. GraphPad 6.0 software was utilized to evaluate the data. RESULTS: The hyperosmotic stress activated autophagy in a pressure- and time-dependent manner in LECs. Beclin 1 protein expression and conversion of LC3B II to LC3B I increased, whereas sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) protein expression decreased. Transient Ca2+ influx was stimulated caused by hyperosmotic stress, levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation decreased, and the level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation increased in the early stage. Based on this evidence, autophagy activation through the Ca2+-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway might represent an adaptation process in LECs under hyperosmotic stress. Hyperosmotic stress decreased cellular viability and accelerated apoptosis in LECs and cellular migration decreased. Inhibition of autophagy by ATG7 knockdown had similar results. TRPV1 overexpression increased autophagy and might be crucial in the occurrence of autophagy promoted by hyperosmotic stress. CONCLUSION: A combination of hyperosmotic stress and autophagy inhibition may be a promising approach to decrease the number of LECs in the capsular bag and pave the way for improving prevention of posterior capsular opacification and capsular fibrosis.

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Air/Fluid-Dropping Technique for Intracapsular Distilled Water Application

Abstract: The simplified technique using vitrectomy approach is safe and specific for targeting lens epithelial cells without associated complications.

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Research Progress of Drug Prophylaxis for Lens Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery

Research Progress of Drug Prophylaxis for Lens Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery

Clinical Translation of Long-Acting Drug Delivery Systems for Posterior Capsule Opacification Prophylaxis

Overexpression of TRPV1 activates autophagy in human lens epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress through Ca2+-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway

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