1999
DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(99)70114-4
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Air Embolism during Tunneled Central Catheter Placement Performed without General Anesthesia in Children: A Potentially Serious Complication

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Cited by 23 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…In case of vascular access procedures, CAAE can occur as a result from backflow, a right to left shunt, or shunting through the pulmonary capillary bed [ 9 11 ]. Backflow can be a result of manipulation of central lines (not necessarily IOI) and has been described in literature [ 12 , 13 ]. Right to left shunting can be caused by an atrial septum defect (estimated incidence in adult patients 0.2–0.7 in 1, 000), a ventricular septum defect (incidence at birth ranging from 2–5%; however, 85–90% of these defects will close spontaneously by 1 year of age) and persistent foramen ovale (this has been reported to be present in up to 27% of autopsies) [ 14 16 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In case of vascular access procedures, CAAE can occur as a result from backflow, a right to left shunt, or shunting through the pulmonary capillary bed [ 9 11 ]. Backflow can be a result of manipulation of central lines (not necessarily IOI) and has been described in literature [ 12 , 13 ]. Right to left shunting can be caused by an atrial septum defect (estimated incidence in adult patients 0.2–0.7 in 1, 000), a ventricular septum defect (incidence at birth ranging from 2–5%; however, 85–90% of these defects will close spontaneously by 1 year of age) and persistent foramen ovale (this has been reported to be present in up to 27% of autopsies) [ 14 16 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…10 Intraoperative complications can be represented by pneumothorax, air embolism, persistent bleeding from the insertion site and pulmonary embolism. 11 Delayed complications are represented by malpositioning or migration. 12,13 Venous thrombosis (treated by line removal and anticoagulation) 14 or mechanical failure can occur, and fibrin can accumulate around the line, obstructing aspiration and leading to infection.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Children under deep sedation are unable to follow commands to suspend ventilation and are at increased risk for venous air embolism. 13 (See Table 1. )…”
Section: General Anesthesiamentioning
confidence: 99%