Air- and oxygen-blown characterization of coal and biomass by thermogravimetric analysis

Biomass Thermochemical Conversion via Pyrolysis with Integrated CO2 Capture

“…The lowest value (949) was calculated for raw biomass, which increasde with pyrolysis temperature. In the case of the index Hf, a smaller value corresponds to better combustion properties, which proves the good combustion properties of biomass and the comparable properties of biochars; for comparison, the Hf index value for coal is around 2000 [33].…”

“…Based on the obtained thermogravimetric results, an analysis of the key combustion parameters of all studied samples (raw biomass and biochars) was provided. Based on data from TG and DTG Energies 2020, 13, 1050 8 of 18 analysis, the following parameters were defined: ignition temperature (T ig ), burnout temperature (T b ), temperature corresponding to the highest DTG peak (T DTG ), maximum mass loss rate ((dW/dt) max ), average mass loss rate ((dW/dt) av ), maximum peak time (t p ), ignition time (t i ), burnout time (t f ) and time range of DTG/DTG max = 0.5 (∆t 1/2 ) [33]. Based on these parameters, the ignition index (D i ), burnout index (D f ) and combustion indexes (S) and (H f ) were calculated.…”

“…To establish T ig and T b , the method described in [34] was used, which states that the ignition temperature is detected based on the temperature corresponding to the point of intersection of the highest peak value of DTG and the corresponding slope to the ion with respect to the TG profile, while the T b temperature was established based on the mass stabilization. The ignition index is defined as follows [33]:…”

“…The higher the D i values, the easier the volatile compounds are separated. The burnout index is defined as [33]…”

“…where the maximum mass loss rate (dW/dt) max , %/min, and the average mass loss rate (dW/dt) av , %/min were included. The last factor-the rate and intensity of the combustion processes-is calculated based on Equation (4) [33]:…”