AIDS Prevention for People with Severe Mental Illness

Cournos, Francine; Herman, Richard; Kaplan, Meg; McKinnon, Karen

doi:10.1097/00131746-199709000-00003

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This heterogeneity may make it difficult to address all participants' needs and concerns within a group setting; however, it is possible to make this heterogeneity an asset, as well. In this regard, Cournos, Herman, Kaplan, and McKinnon [61] point out the benefits of including individuals who are sexually abstinent in these sexual risk reduction programs: (a) these individuals may become sexually active in the future, when they can apply what they learned in the intervention; (b) abstinent individuals may talk to others about what they learned in the intervention; and (c) they can serve as a model of someone who is not at risk, to other members of the group.…”

Section: Challenges and Advantages To Intervening With Individuals Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it may be necessary to include multiple intervention sessions when working with SMI. In addition, booster sessions may be useful [61], as patients may not have retained the information they learned, and may benefit from additional skills practice and feedback, or from reinforcement and encouragement for engaging in safer sex behaviors.…”

Section: Summary Of Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, sexual risk reduction interventions for individuals with SMI are often delivered in the institutions in which the individuals live and/or receive counseling, and a lack of institutional or staff support may hinder these interventions [37]. Some staff may be uncomfortable with the topic of sexual behavior, or may be concerned that talking about sex will lead to increased sexual behavior; others may assume, incorrectly as this review shows, that patients cannot benefit from the intervention [61]. Third, intervention groups are likely to include patients with a wide range of sexual health concerns and needs, for example, individuals who are sexually abstinent, as well as individuals who are engaging in high rates of sexual risk behavior.…”

Section: Challenges and Advantages To Intervening With Individuals Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Intervention Literature

Senn¹,

Carey²

2008

CPSR

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Seroprevalence studies indicate that HIV infection rates are elevated among individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI) compared to the general population. The higher prevalence of HIV among individuals with SMI has prompted the development and evaluation of tailored sexual risk reduction programs for these individuals. In this paper, we review the literature on sexual risk-reduction interventions for individuals with SMI, including interventions for both uninfected and infected individuals. We discuss components of successful interventions, identify limitations in the current literature, and highlight directions for future research. Finally, we conclude with implications for clinical practice, including a discussion of the challenges and advantages to implementing sexual risk reduction interventions for individuals with SMI.

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Section: Challenges and Advantages To Intervening With Individuals Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges and Advantages To Intervening With Individuals Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Intervention Literature

Senn¹,

Carey²

2008

CPSR

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“…The vulnerability of women with severe and persistent mental illness to HIV infection far exceeds that of women in the general U.S. population (Cournos, Herman, Kaplan, & McKinnon, 1997;Rosenberg et al, 2001). HIV seroprevalence rates for persons with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia and major affective disorders range from 3% to 23% across a variety of settings and subgroups (Meade & Sikkema, 2005), and from 5.3% to 20% for women with severe mental illness in particular .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severely Mentally Ill Women’s HIV Risk: The Influence of Social Support, Substance Use, and Contextual Risk Factors

Randolph

Pinkerton

Somlai

et al. 2006

Community Ment Health J

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In structured interviews with 96 women with severe mental illness, nearly two-thirds had not used condoms during sexual intercourse in the past 3 months, more than two-thirds had sex with multiple partners, and almost one-third had been treated for a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the past year. Women who reported fewer sexual risk context factors, such as having sex with someone the participant did not know or transactional sex, had fewer sexual partners. Larger social support networks were associated with less frequent sex after drug use. In turn, women who less often had sex after using drugs had unprotected intercourse less frequently.

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“…This disproportionate risk of HIV infection especially affects women. HIV seroprevalence rates for women with schizophrenia and major affective disorders far exceed those of women in the general US population (Cournos, Herman, Kaplan, & McKinnon, 1997). These high rates of infection reflect high rates of underlying HIV risk behaviors, including inconsistent condom use and engaging in sex with multiple partners (Kalichman, Malow, Dévieux, Stein, & Piedman, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seriously Mentally Ill Women’s Safer Sex Behaviors and the Theory of Reasoned Action

et al. 2009

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Seriously mentally ill women at risk for HIV infection (n = 96) participated in structured interviews assessing sexual and substance use behavior over a 3-month period. The majority of the women (63.5%) did not use condoms. Consistent with the Theory of Reasoned Action, condom use attitudes and perceived social norms about safer sex were associated with safer sex intentions. Supplementing TRA variables with safer sex self-efficacy explained additional variance in safer sex intentions. Greater safer sex intentions were related to both greater condom use and to less frequent unprotected intercourse. In addition, less frequent sex after drug use and a less fatalistic outlook were associated with less frequent unprotected intercourse. Life circumstances specific to this population are particularly important to examine to improve the effectiveness of risk reduction interventions for seriously mentally ill women.

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AIDS Prevention for People with Severe Mental Illness

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Intervention Literature

HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Intervention Literature

Severely Mentally Ill Women’s HIV Risk: The Influence of Social Support, Substance Use, and Contextual Risk Factors

Seriously Mentally Ill Women’s Safer Sex Behaviors and the Theory of Reasoned Action

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