AIDS caused by HIV1 and HIV2 infection: are there clinical differences? Results of AIDS surveillance 1986–97 at Fann Hospital in Dakar, Senegal

Ndour, Marguerite; Sow, Papa Salif; Coll-Seck, Awa Marie; Badiane, S; Ndour, Cheik Tidiane; Diakhaté, Ndella; Diop, Bernard Marcel; Faye, Mame Awa; Soumare, M.; Diouf, G; Colebunders, Robert

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00627.x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Sur le plan épidémiologique, les caractéristiques de notre population d'étude sont comparables à celles qui ont été décrites par les travaux antérieurs réalisés dans le service et dans la sous-région [4,13,14]. Il s'agit d'adultes jeunes, comme l'ont signalé Okome-Nkoumou et al au Gabon avec 89,4 % de sujets âgés de 30-39 ans [14].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…L'atteinte prédominante de cette population active fait de l'infection à VIH un véritable frein au développement dans les pays à ressources limitées. La prédominance féminine, notée dans notre étude, bien que discrète (sex-ratio F/M : 1,1), traduit une évolution par rapport au début de l'épidémie où les hommes étaient nettement plus infectés [6,13]. D'après l'Onusida, il existe une féminisation de l'épidémie du VIH surtout en Afrique subsaharienne où les femmes représentent environ 61 % de tous les adultes vivant avec le VIH [16].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sur le plan clinique, la grande majorité des patients présentait une affection classante au stade sida (86 %). En comparaison avec les études antérieures [4,13], les pathologies opportunistes dominantes sont les mêmes, à savoir la tuberculose (40,9 %) et la candidose bucco-oesophagienne (38,9 %). En revanche, en Côte d'Ivoire, Tanon et al ont notifié la tuberculose (33,5 %) et la toxoplasmose (17,9 %) [22].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Profil actuel des patients infectés par le VIH hospitalisés à Dakar (Sénégal)

Déguénonvo

Manga

Diop

et al. 2011

Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.

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Ten years after the introduction of the Senegalese Antiretroviral Drug Access Initiative in 1998, we conducted a retrospective study of the epidemiological and clinical profiles and outcome of HIV-infected patients hospitalized in the Infectious Diseases Clinic of Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar between 2007 and 2008. During these 2 years, 527 HIV-positive patients were included. The average age of the patients was 41 ± 10 years, and the sex-ratio (F/M) was 1.1; 56% of patients were married. The average interval before admission was 40 ± 57 days. Fever (83%), loss of weight (83%) and cough (54%) were the principal symptoms. Tuberculosis (40.9%) and gastrointestinal candidiasis (38.9%) were the commonest opportunistic infections. Most patients were diagnosed at the AIDS stage (88%) and the CD4+ T lymphocyte count was ≤ 200/mm3 in 86% of cases. Hospital fatality was 44% (231/527). Tuberculosis (36%), bacterial pneumonia (18%) and encephalitis (12%) were the most frequent causes of death. Despite the availability of and free access to antiretroviral drugs in Senegal, the mortality associated with HIV infection remains very high due to late diagnosis. The population must be educated to boost early screening and care.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

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Profil actuel des patients infectés par le VIH hospitalisés à Dakar (Sénégal)

Déguénonvo

Manga

Diop

et al. 2011

Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot.

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“…The prevalence of oral and esophageal candidiasis ranged from 14% in pregnant women with HIV [81] to 67% of Senegalese inpatients with AIDS [22,24,82,83]. Incidence rates are presented in table 2 [30,31,38].…”

Section: Neoformansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Related Opportunistic Infections in Sub‐Saharan Africa

et al. 2003

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Understanding the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and opportunistic infections in sub-Saharan Africa is necessary to optimize strategies for the prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections and to understand the likely impact of antiretroviral therapy. We undertook a systematic review of the literature on HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa to assess data from recent cohorts and selected cross-sectional studies to delineate rates of opportunistic infections, associated CD4 cell counts, and associated mortality. We searched the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Clinical Trials Register for English-language literature published from 1990 through April 2002. Tuberculosis, bacterial infections, and malaria were identified as the leading causes of HIV-related morbidity across sub-Saharan Africa. Of the few studies that reported CD4 cell counts, the range of cell counts at the time of diagnosis of opportunistic infections was wide. Policies regarding the type and timing of opportunistic infection prophylaxis may be region specific and urgently require further study.

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“…12 Other comparisons have found equivalent rates of encephalitis between HIV-1 and HIV-2 but did not establish whether HIV directly caused the encephalitis. 13 Based on these limited data and rare case reports, it is difficult to compare the relative neurotropism of HIV-1 and HIV-2.…”

Section: Hiv-2 Encephalitismentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-2 Encephalitis: Case Report and Literature Review

Wood

Klein

Lyons

et al. 2012

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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We report the case of a 59-year-old man who moved from Cape Verde to Massachusetts at the age of 29. He had multiple sexual contacts with female partners in Cape Verde and with West African women in Massachusetts, as well as multiple past indeterminate HIV-1 antibody tests. He presented to our facility with 2-3 months of inappropriate behaviors, memory impairment, weight loss, and night sweats, at which time he was found to have an abnormal enhancing lesion of the corpus collosum on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Laboratory testing revealed a CD4 count of 63 cells/mm(3), positive HIV-2 Western blot, serum HIV-2 RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 1160 copies per milliliter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV-2 RNA PCR of 2730 copies per milliliter. Brain biopsy demonstrated syncytial giant cells centered around small blood vessels and accompanied by microglia, which correlated with prior pathologic descriptions of HIV-2 encephalitis and with well-described findings of HIV-1 encephalitis. Based on genotype resistance assay results, treatment guidelines, and prior studies validating success with lopinavir-ritonavir, he was treated with tenofovir-emtricitabine and lopinavir-ritonavir, which has led to virologic suppression along with steady neurologic and radiologic improvement, although he continues to have deficits.

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AIDS caused by HIV1 and HIV2 infection: are there clinical differences? Results of AIDS surveillance 1986–97 at Fann Hospital in Dakar, Senegal

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Profil actuel des patients infectés par le VIH hospitalisés à Dakar (Sénégal)

Profil actuel des patients infectés par le VIH hospitalisés à Dakar (Sénégal)

Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Related Opportunistic Infections in Sub‐Saharan Africa

HIV-2 Encephalitis: Case Report and Literature Review

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