AIDS and strongyloidiasis

Gulletta, Maurizio; Chatel, G; Pavia, Marco; Signorini, Liana; Tebaldi, Alessandra; Bombana, Enrico; Carosi, Giampiero

doi:10.1258/0956462981922421

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Belgium [26,27] (2.5%) Bosnia and Herzegovina [28] (1.2%) Bulgaria [29] (1.2%) Croatia [30] (1.2%) England [31] (1.2%) France [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] (13.7%) Germany [40] (1.2%) Greece [41][42][43][44][45] (6.2%) Italy [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] (22.5%) Macedonia [56] (1.2%) Netherlands [57] (1.2%) Norway [58] (2.5%) Portugal [59] (1.2%) Romania [60,61] (2.5%) Spain [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]…”

Section: Country Of Infection Exposure-[reference] N (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autochthonous Human and Canine Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Europe: Report of a Human Case in An Italian Teen and Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2020

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Autochthonous human and canine strongyloidiasis is reported in Europe but is unclear whether the transmission of infection still occurs. We report a previously unpublished human case in an Italian teen and perform a systematic review of literature on autochthonous human and canine strongyloidiasis in Europe to investigate the current dynamic of transmission. Overall, 109 papers published after 1987 were included and one previously unpublished Italian case was added. Eighty case reports were retrieved and 42 of them (52.5%) had severe strongyloidiasis. Most cases were diagnosed in Spain, Italy and France. The median age was 58, the most represented age group was 61–70 years, 11 patients were under 30, and 7 of them were diagnosed after 2000. Epidemiological studies on human strongyloidiasis showed prevalence ranging from 0.56% to 28%. Overall, agriculture work, mine work and walking barefoot were the most commonly reported risk factors for infection. Canine strongyloidiasis was reported mainly in Italy (68 cases), but a few cases occurred also in Iceland, Finland, England, Germany, France, Switzerland, Russia, Slovakia, Romania and Greece. Autochthonous strongyloidiasis is still reported in Europe and sporadic transmission still occurs. Health care professionals should be aware of this issue to identify infected subjects and avoid adverse outcomes, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Further investigations are needed to clarify the zoonotic transmission of this nematode.

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Section: Country Of Infection Exposure-[reference] N (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autochthonous Human and Canine Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Europe: Report of a Human Case in An Italian Teen and Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2020

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“…It may cause abdominal pain, pneumonitis, episodes of unexplained bacteraemia or meningitis with enteric bacteria and unexplained eosinophilia, which may range from 10% to 15%. [1,[13][14][15][16] Very rarely, in an immunosuppressed host, colonization may mimic gastrointestinal tumour mass. [17,18] Laboratory diagnosis of S. stercoralis infection can be carried out by the demonstration of rhabditiform larvae, filariform larvae [ Figure 9] and parasitic adult females of S. stercoralis in Papanicolaou-stained smears of faeces, duodenal aspirates or sputum.…”

Section: Strongyloides Stercoralismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If signs of meningitis are present, the cerebrospinal fluid must invariably be examined for larvae and pyogenic bacteria. [14][15][16] Sometimes, unhatched eggs are found, which cause confusion with hookworm eggs. [10] Use of the Baermann technique and agar plate culture may increase the diagnostic yields of faecal examination.…”

Section: Strongyloides Stercoralismentioning

confidence: 99%

Aids-Associated Parasitic Diarrhoea

Arora

2009

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Since the advent of human immunodeficiency virus infection, with its profound and progressive effect on the cellular immune system, a group of human opportunistic pathogens has come into prominence. Opportunistic parasitic infection can cause severe morbidity and mortality. Because many of these infections are treatable, an early and accurate diagnosis is important. This can be accomplished by a variety of methods such as direct demonstration of parasites and by serological tests to detect antigen and/or specific antibodies. However, antibody response may be poor in these patients and therefore immunodiagnostic tests have to be interpreted with caution. Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Microsporidia, Entamoeba histolytica and Strongyloides stercoralis are the commonly detected parasites. Detection of these parasites will help in proper management of these patients because drugs are available for most of these parasitic infections.

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Parasitic diseases and immunodeficiencies

Ambroise-Thomas

2001

Parasitology

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In the last two decades, major immunodeficiency syndromes have strongly influenced medical parasitology. Some animal parasitoses, once unknown in human medicine, have become zoonotic and sometimes anthroponotic. In other cases, the clinical evolution of human parasitoses has been severely aggravated and/or modified in immunodeficient patients especially in toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, leishmaniasis, strongyloidiasis and scabies. The parasites implicated are varied (protozoa, helminths and even Acaridae) but have in common the capacity to reproduce in or on the human host. These immunodeficiency syndromes are often related to AIDS but other major immunodepressions, such as post-therapeutically in organ transplantation, may also be responsible and raise difficult problems for prevention. The munological mechanisms involved are not always well understood. In addition, genetic predisposition factors, gradually becoming better-understood in parasites and man, complete and complicate our understanding of the immunological mechanisms.

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AIDS and strongyloidiasis

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Autochthonous Human and Canine Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Europe: Report of a Human Case in An Italian Teen and Systematic Review of the Literature

Autochthonous Human and Canine Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Europe: Report of a Human Case in An Italian Teen and Systematic Review of the Literature

Aids-Associated Parasitic Diarrhoea

Parasitic diseases and immunodeficiencies

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