Aids and Devices for Laryngectomees

Gardner, Warren H.; Harris, Harold E.

doi:10.1001/archotol.1961.00740020151003

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We found the electrolarynx to be useful for education. Alternatively, a whistle-type artificial larynx is available, including a reed type [29][30][31]. The first description of an artificial larynx was given by Czermak in 1859 [29].…”

Section: Sound Sources 221 Artificial Larynx As Sound Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Education system in acoustics of speech production using physical models of the human vocal tract

Arai

2007

Acoust. Sci. & Tech.

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In this paper, we present and discuss an educational system in the fields of acoustics and speech science using a series of physical models of the human vocal tract. Because education in acoustics is relevant for several fields related to speech communication, it hosts students from a variety of educational backgrounds. Moreover, we believe that an education in acoustics is important for students of different ages: college, high school, middle school, and even elementary school students. Because of the varied student populations, we develop an educational system that instructs students intuitively and effectively and consists of the following models: lung models, an artificial larynx, Arai's models (cylinder and plate type models), Umeda and Teranishi's model (a variable-shape model), and head-shaped models. These models effectively demonstrate several principal aspects of speech production, such as phonation, source-filter theory, the relationship between vocal-tract shape/ tongue movement and vowel quality, and nasalization of vowels. We have confirmed that combining the models in an effective way produces complete education in the acoustics of speech production. The examinations and questionnaire surveys conducted before and after using our proposed system revealed that the learners' understanding of what improves with the use of the system. The system is also effective for voice and articulatory training in speech pathology and language learning.

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Section: Sound Sources 221 Artificial Larynx As Sound Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Education system in acoustics of speech production using physical models of the human vocal tract

Arai

2007

Acoust. Sci. & Tech.

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“…The absence of voice following laryngectomy in cancer survivors was recognized early on to be a severe handicap. 3 As the number of laryngectomy patients has increased, various attempts have been made to provide a means to restore their voices. In the 1920s, the Western Electric pneumatic mechanical larynx became popular.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stout prosthesis: An alternate means of restoring speech in selected laryngectomy patients

King

Stout²,

Ashby

2003

Ear Nose Throat J

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We discuss the effectiveness of the Stout prosthesis, a device that was developed more than 30 years ago to restore speech in postlaryngectomy patients. This prosthesis has not been previously described in the literature. The placement of this device entails the creation of a pharyngeal cutaneous fistula that extends to the musculature at the base of the tongue. The prosthesis is then used to connect the fistula and the stoma. Central to this discussion was our evaluation of a patient who had used the Stout prosthesis for 30 years. In this patient, the prosthesis produced excellent long-term voice production with minimal leakage of saliva or other liquids. We conclude that in light of the device's simplicity, low cost, and minimal maintenance requirements with regard to the fistula site, the Stout prosthesis should be considered as an alternative to the standard tracheoesophageal puncture method for patients who are unable to comply with the latter's maintenance requirements and for those in poorly developed countries where costs and hygiene are paramount considerations. Moreover, because the Stout technique does not involve the esophagus and does not require invasive procedures around the stoma, it is also practical for patients who have esophageal rigidity or stomal problems.

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“…The worker at a desk whose communication is handicapped primarily by reduction of loudness may find an amplifying device helpful. 6 If the patient with the other characteristic speech and voice defects is willing to sustain the effort, he will find that he can greatly improve his intelligibility by adopting a deliberate rate 298 of speaking. He must carefully give adequate duration to every syllable (even the usually unaccented ones) and see to it that every consonant, especially each final and medial plosive consonant ( t, d, p, b, k, g), is present, even exaggerated.…”

Section: Dyaarthriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For such patients an artificial larynx provides a satisfactory means of communication. Various mechanical devices are commercially available, 6 and the Bell Telephone Company sells a useful artificial larynx, available at cost through local telephone offices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Speech Problems in the Aging

Darley

1963

Postgraduate Medicine

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Aids and Devices for Laryngectomees

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Education system in acoustics of speech production using physical models of the human vocal tract

Education system in acoustics of speech production using physical models of the human vocal tract

The Stout prosthesis: An alternate means of restoring speech in selected laryngectomy patients

Speech Problems in the Aging

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