Aiding the intelligence analyst: From problem definition to design concept exploration

Patterson, E. S.; Woods, D. D.; Tinapple, D.; Roth, E. M.; Finley, J. M.; Kuperman, G. G.

doi:10.1037/e447112006-001

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Qualitative approaches, which can be used at any stage in the development cycle, are under-used at the pre-design stage -there are only few studies that report their use to inform the design of information visualizations (e. g. [21], [24]). Figure 2 gives an example of the processes involved in performing grounded evaluation during an initial phase of development.…”

Section: Grounded Evaluation In the Development Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Grounded evaluation of information visualizations

Isenberg

Zuk

Collins

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Workshop on BEyond Time and Errors: Novel evaLuation Methods for Information Visualization

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We introduce grounded evaluation as a process that attempts to ensure that the evaluation of an information visualization tool is situated within the context of its intended use. We discuss the process and scope of grounded evaluation in general, and then describe how qualitative inquiry may be a beneficial approach as part of this process. We advocate for increased attention to the field of qualitative inquiry early in the information visualization development life cycle, as it tries to achieve a richer understanding by using a more holistic approach considering the interplay between factors that influence visualizations, their development, and their use. We present three case studies in which we successfully used observational techniques to inform our understanding of the visual analytics process in groups, medical diagnostic reasoning, and visualization use among computational linguists.

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Section: Grounded Evaluation In the Development Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Grounded evaluation of information visualizations

Isenberg

Zuk

Collins

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Workshop on BEyond Time and Errors: Novel evaLuation Methods for Information Visualization

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of cognitive models of military intelligence analysis have been generated, to facilitate work-centered analyses of that process and guide the design of systems to support it (Cook & Smallman, 2008;Elm et al, 2005;Heuer, 1999;Patterson et al, 2001;Pirolli & Card, 2005). Many of these models of been developed in a generic way, meaning that they can be considered within a wide variety of operational contexts and work environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Mutual Support Function Model: A Cognitive Model for Intelligence Analysis Supporting Irregular Warfare

Farry

Carlson

Mahoney

2011

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Modern intelligence analysis has evolved due to the focus on Irregular Warfare (IW) and the proliferation of network-centric environments. Given the ubiquity of those two themes in modern intelligence analysis, this paper seeks to provide a detailed cognitive model of intelligence analysis for IW, the Mutual Support Function Model (MSFM), based on the original Support Function Model (SFM) for intelligence analysis from (Elm et al., 2005). In addition to the three functions of Down Collect, Conflict and Corroboration, and Hypothesis Exploration from the original SFM, the MSFM considers two additional functions, Information Needs Management and Decision Selection. In addition to presenting this theoretical model, this paper also presents a discussion of how the model may be applied to operational environments through the development of tools. We also discuss strategies for introducing associated technology to the work environment in a suitable manner.

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“…With little assistance in managing the search process, people researching a broad topic are prone to narrowing their search scope too quickly in an effort to reduce the overwhelming number of search results to a manageable size [17,18]. In doing so, intelligence analysts have been shown to inadvertently exclude key…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Footprints: A Visual Search Tool that Supports Discovery and Coverage Tracking

Isaacs

Domico

Ahern

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics

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Searching a large document collection to learn about a broad subject involves the iterative process of figuring out what to ask, filtering the results, identifying useful documents, and deciding when one has covered enough material to stop searching. We are calling this activity "discoverage," discovery of relevant material and tracking coverage of that material. We built a visual analytic tool called Footprints that uses multiple coordinated visualizations to help users navigate through the discoverage process. To support discovery, Footprints displays topics extracted from documents that provide an overview of the search space and are used to construct searches visuospatially. Footprints allows users to triage their search results by assigning a status to each document (To Read, Read, Useful), and those status markings are shown on interactive histograms depicting the user's coverage through the documents across dates, sources, and topics. Coverage histograms help users notice biases in their search and fill any gaps in their analytic process. To create Footprints, we used a highly iterative, user-centered approach in which we conducted many evaluations during both the design and implementation stages and continually modified the design in response to feedback.

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Aiding the intelligence analyst: From problem definition to design concept exploration

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Grounded evaluation of information visualizations

Grounded evaluation of information visualizations

The Mutual Support Function Model: A Cognitive Model for Intelligence Analysis Supporting Irregular Warfare

Footprints: A Visual Search Tool that Supports Discovery and Coverage Tracking

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