Aid Fragmentation or Aid Pluralism? The Effect of Multiple Donors on Child Survival in Developing Countries, 1990–2010

Han, Lu; Koenig‐Archibugi, Mathias

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.07.014

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Kimura et al (2012), for instance, use a donor-concentration index to capture a low degree of donor proliferation and find that aid proliferation has a negative effect on the economic growth of recipient countries, especially in Africa. 6 By contrast, Han and Koenig-Archibugi (2015) and Koeln (2019) argue that a larger number of donors can bring a more diverse set of views that in turn can generate better policies. Consistent with this hypothesis, Han and Koenig-Archibugi (2015) find a U-shaped relationship between the number of donors and the effectiveness of health aid, while Koeln (2019) shows that diversity provided by a multitude of donors helps improve a recipient country's democracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aid Effectiveness in Fragile States

Caselli¹,

Presbitero²

2021

Macroeconomic Policy in Fragile States

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Fragile states are highly dependent on foreign aid and are characterized by several features that impair their economic and social performance. This chapter reviews the literature on aid effectiveness and presents several stylized facts on aid flows to fragile states and exploits project-level data to provide evidence on aid effectiveness in fragile states. Comparing project success rates across fragile and other developing countries confirms that aid given to fragile states is less likely to be effective than elsewhere. Our results indicate that a project implemented in a fragile state is about 8 percentage points less likely to be successful than a similar project financed in another developing country. Our analysis does not imply that aid to fragile states should be reduced across the board, but points to several factors that could hamper the growth dividend of aid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aid Effectiveness in Fragile States

Caselli¹,

Presbitero²

2021

Macroeconomic Policy in Fragile States

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“…Donor countries also wanted more control, and increasingly funnelled development financing through earmarked programmes or via specialised funds 3 4. Recent reviews of the evidence into this aid fragmentation have found both positive and negative results 5–7. Now that development assistance for health (DAH) is plateauing and with fund replenishments coming up, the efficacy of these specialised vertical health funds needs to be re-evaluated 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has Gavi lived up to its promise? Quasi-experimental evidence on country immunisation rates and child mortality

2019

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IntroductionGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, was set up in 2000 to improve access to vaccines for children living in the poorest countries. Funding has increased significantly over time, with Gavi disbursements reaching US $1.58 billion in 2015. We assess whether Gavi’s funding programmes have indeed increased immunisation coverage in 51 recipient countries for two key vaccines for 12–23 month olds: combined diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus (DPT) and measles. Additionally, we look at effects on infant and child mortality.MethodsTaking a difference-in-differences quasi-experimental approach to observational data, we estimate the impact of Gavi eligibility on immunisation coverage and mortality rates over time, using WHO/UNICEF figures covering 1995–2016. We control for economy size and population of each country as well as running a suite of robustness checks and sensitivity tests.ResultsWe find large and significant positive effects from Gavi’s funding programmes: on average a 12.02 percentage point increase in DPT immunisation coverage (95% CI 6.56 to 17.49) and an 8.81 percentage point increase in measles immunisation coverage (95% CI 3.58 to 14.04) over the period to 2016. Our estimates show Gavi support also induced 6.22 fewer infant deaths (95% CI −10.47 to −1.97) and 12.23 fewer under-five deaths (95% CI −19.66 to −4.79) per 1000 live births.ConclusionOur findings provide evidence that Gavi has had a substantial impact on the fight against communicable diseases for improved population and child health in lower-income countries. In this case, the health policy to verticalise aid—specifically development assistance for health—via a specialised global fund has had positive outcomes.

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“…An indication of this is provided byHan and Koenig-Archibugi (2015), who find that both countries with few and those with many donors of health aid do worse in terms of child survival.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aid Dispersion: Measurement in Principle and Practice

Fløgstad

Hagen

2017

World Development

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Excessive dispersion of development assistance has been high on the Paris Agenda on aid effectiveness. However, there is no agreement in the existing literature on how aid dispersion should be measured and few studies of the extent of the problem. We argue for using the Theil Index for both recipients and donors. This relative inequality measure has a major advantage: it allows for a perfect decomposition into variation between and within entities. Exploiting this property, we can rank official donors and recipients not only in terms of the total spread, but also assess the contributions of geographic and sectoral dispersion. We provide a detailed picture of developments along various dimensions (globally as well as for countries, income groups, and regions, over 1998-2013). We further distinguish between bilateral and multilateral donors. Consistent with other studies using more limited samples, we find little effect of the Paris Agenda overall. Aid is more fragmented in Sub-Saharan Africa and in the poorest countries. Globally as well as for most donor and recipient countries, between variation is the main driver of the spread, lending support to the geographic concentration policies many donor countries have adopted. Bilateral aid has been somewhat more dispersed than multilateral aid and in both cases the large number of donors controlling similar shares of total funds is a major driver of the total spread. The latter suggests that concentration could also be achieved through a reduction of the number of actors on the donor side of the aid industry, a perspective that previous studies using other measures have been unable to capture.

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Aid Fragmentation or Aid Pluralism? The Effect of Multiple Donors on Child Survival in Developing Countries, 1990–2010

Cited by 16 publications

References 75 publications

Aid Effectiveness in Fragile States

Aid Effectiveness in Fragile States

Has Gavi lived up to its promise? Quasi-experimental evidence on country immunisation rates and child mortality

Aid Dispersion: Measurement in Principle and Practice

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