AI-Enabled UAV Communications: Challenges and Future Directions

Hashesh, Amira O.; Hashima, Sherief; Zaki, Rokaia M.; Fouda, Mostafa M.; Hatano, Kohei; Eldien, Adly S. Tag

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3202956

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…At the coding level, converting the AI model into edge-deployment-friendly types, such as TensorFlow Lite [158], ONNX [159], and NCNN [160] could help. Because only a few battery-relevant constraints have been identified and considered during the UAV design [161], it is worthwhile to invest in monitoring battery management during FMS practical implementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Flight Management System (FMS) Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Current Stages, Challenges, and Opportunities

Wang

et al. 2023

Drones

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In the Machine Learning (ML) era, faced with challenges, including exponential multi-sensor data, an increasing number of actuators, and data-intensive algorithms, the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is standing on a new footing. In particular, the Flight Management System (FMS) plays an essential role in UAV design. However, the trade-offs between performance and SWaP-C (Size, Weight, Power, and Cost) and reliability–efficiency are challenging to determine for such a complex system. To address these issues, the identification of a successful approach to managing heterogeneity emerges as the critical question to be answered. This paper investigates Heterogeneous Computing (HC) integration in FMS in the UAV domain from academia to industry. The overview of cross-layer FMS design is firstly described from top–down in the abstraction layer to left–right in the figurative layer. In addition, the HC advantages from Light-ML, accelerated Federated Learning (FL), and hardware accelerators are highlighted. Accordingly, three distinct research focuses detailed with visual-guided landing, intelligent Fault Diagnosis and Detection (FDD), and controller-embeddable Power Electronics (PE) to distinctly illustrate advancements of the next-generation FMS design from sensing, and computing, to driving. Finally, recommendations for future research and opportunities are discussed. In summary, this article draws a road map that considers the heterogeneous advantages to conducting the Flight-Management-as-a-Service (FMaaS) platform for UAVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Flight Management System (FMS) Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Current Stages, Challenges, and Opportunities

Wang

et al. 2023

Drones

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“…However, the algorithm has the shortcomings of not considering the energy efficiency and the users' traffic demands. In [2], a framework for joint user association and power control in cellular networks with a macro-base station (BS) and UAV aerial BS was proposed. The objective is to maximize network utility while considering power control, load balancing, and user fairness.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer several advantages over traditional manned aircraft, making them an attractive solution for various applications such as agriculture, construction, infrastructure inspection, environmental monitoring, and post-disaster response [1][2][3]. In hard-to-reach scenarios like a post-disaster one, wireless communication systems encounter several challenges including the limiting of available resources due to the destruction/malfunction of the existing wireless infrastructure, which can lead to reduced data rates and limited coverage, posing challenges in reaching impacted communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, addressing the UAV-user association problem becomes crucial for maximizing system performance, capacity, and reliability for enabling various UAV applications [13]. The existing literature of UAV association and UE power control [2,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] have a critical research gap: most of them did not consider the UE's traffic demands while associating it with the most appropriate UAVs. Also, they never considered the critical point of the UE's limited batter budget through proposing efficient power control schemes as extensively discussed in the related works section in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joint User Association and Power Control in UAV Network: A Graph Theoretic Approach

Alnakhli,

Mohamed,

Abdulkawi

et al. 2024

Electronics

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently been widely employed as effective wireless platforms for aiding users in various situations, particularly in hard-to-reach scenarios like post-disaster relief efforts. This study employs multiple UAVs to cover users in overlapping locations, necessitating the optimization of UAV-user association to maximize the spectral and energy efficiency of the UAV network. Hence, a connected bipartite graph is formed between UAVs and users using graph theory to accomplish this goal. Then, a maximum weighted matching-based maximum flow (MwMaxFlow) optimization approach is proposed to achieve the maximum data rate given users’ demands and the UAVs’ maximum capacities. Additionally, power control is applied using the M-matrix theory to optimize users’ transmit powers and improve their energy efficiency. The proposed strategy is evaluated and compared with other benchmark schemes through numerical simulations. The simulation outcomes indicate that the proposed approach balances spectral efficiency and energy consumption, rendering it suitable for various UAV wireless applications, including emergency response, surveillance, and post-disaster management.

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“…These drones are capable of filming a moving person with intelligent target-tracking and obstacle-avoidance algorithms, resulting in fabulous camera footage. Furthermore, novel UAV-related applications such as area surveillance, disaster relief, and traffic control are just a few applications that can be intelligently developed for future cities [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV Trajectory Optimization in a Post-Disaster Area Using Dual Energy-Aware Bandits

Amrallah

Mohamed

Tran

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Over the past few years, with the rapid increase in the number of natural disasters, the need to provide smart emergency wireless communication services has become crucial. Unmanned aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have gained much attention as promising candidates due to their unprecedented capabilities and broad flexibility. In this paper, we investigate a UAV-based emergency wireless communication network for a post-disaster area. Our optimization problem aims to optimize the UAV’s flight trajectory to maximize the number of visited ground users during the flight period. Then, a dual cost-aware multi-armed bandit algorithm is adopted to tackle this problem under the limited available energy for both the UAV and ground users. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm could solve the optimization problem and maximize the achievable throughput under these energy constraints.

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AI-Enabled UAV Communications: Challenges and Future Directions

Cited by 34 publications

References 127 publications

Heterogeneous Flight Management System (FMS) Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Current Stages, Challenges, and Opportunities

Heterogeneous Flight Management System (FMS) Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Current Stages, Challenges, and Opportunities

Joint User Association and Power Control in UAV Network: A Graph Theoretic Approach

UAV Trajectory Optimization in a Post-Disaster Area Using Dual Energy-Aware Bandits

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