AHRQ's Comparative Effectiveness Research on Premixed Insulin Analogues for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Understanding and Applying the Systematic Review Findings

Abstract

experience includes numerous meta-analytic studies on treatments for conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, acute coronary syndromes, and the effectiveness of continuing medical education. His research has been supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the National Institutes of Health. He serves as Associate Editor of the Journal of Hospital Medicine and is a member of the Society of Hospital Medicine, the American Heart Association, and the American College of Physicians. ) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. PRIME ® designates this Journal-Based CME activity for a maximum of 2.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Pharmacist Accreditation StatementThis curriculum has been approved for 2.5 contact hours by PRIME ® . PRIME ® is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education. The universal program number for this activity is 0255-0000-11-004-HO1-P. This learning activity is Knowledge-based. Nurse Accreditation Statement PRIME Education, Inc. (PRIME ® ) is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. PRIME ® designates this activity for 2.5 contact hours. Case Manager Accreditation StatementThe Commission for Case Manager Certification designates this educational activity for 2.0 contact hours for certified case managers. AHRQ's Comparative Effectiveness Research on Premixed Insulin Analogues for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Understanding and Applying the Systematic Review Findings Credit Instructions:In order to receive CME/CE credit for this program, you must: 1. Review this program in its entirety 2. Access www.ce.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/credit and enter program code CER1 3. Complete the post-test (70% passing score) and evaluation online 4. Print your CME/CE statement immediately following the evaluation DISCLOSURESQayyum produced this program under contract with PRIME Education, Inc. (PRIME ® ). Greene is an employee of PRIME ® . The authors report no financial or other conflicts of interest related to the subjects in this report. Mooradian, Jarvis, Gunning, and Valdez report no financial or other conflicts of interest related to the subjects in this report.Brixner reports consultant relationships with Novo Nordisk, Novartis, and Abbott Laboratories, and grant funds paid to her institution from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Novo Nordisk. Campbell reports participation in the speakers bureau for Eli Lilly. Neumiller reports grant funds paid to his institution from Amylin, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, and Novo Nordisk. Quilliam reports grant funds paid to his institution from Takeda and Ortho-McNeil Janssen. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors acknowledge Diana I. Brixner, RPh, PhD, and Karen M. Gunning, PharmD, of the University of Utah Departme...

Impact of diabetes duration on hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin glargine or NPH insulin

“…One option for basal insulin treatment is insulin glargine, a once‐daily, long‐acting basal analogue insulin with a duration of action of approximately 24 h without a pronounced peak of activity . As a result, insulin glargine more closely resembles endogenous basal insulin secretion than conventional insulins such as NPH insulin, which has a peak of activity 6–8 h after administration . Data from clinical studies and meta‐analyses have shown that insulin glargine demonstrates equivalent, and in some studies, superior glycaemic control compared with NPH insulin, with a reduced risk for nocturnal and, in some studies, severe hypoglycaemia .…”

Comparison of Insulin Analogs and Human Insulins: A Narrative Review

“…[72][73][74][75][76][77] The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in the United States examined the comparative effectiveness of premixed insulin analogs compared to premixed human insulins and found no difference in lowering fasting glucose, reducing HbA1c levels, rates of hypoglycemia, or weight gain and found only decreased postprandial glucose levels with premixed insulin analogs. 78 A metaanalysis has found that premixed degludec/aspart, a longacting basal analog with rapid-acting insulin, is associated with a reduction of fasting glucose levels compared to human premixed insulin, with no difference in HbA1c levels or rates of hypoglycemia. 79 ►Table 1 includes a summary of the most recent systematic reviews comparing insulin analogs and human insulins.…”

Using AHRQ’s Evidence-Based Reports to Improve Managed Care Pharmacy Practice: Oral Antidiabetic Agents

“…(2) What is the comparative effectiveness of antidiabetic agents for long-term outcomes? (3) What is the comparative safety of antidiabetic agents? (4) Do the safety and effectiveness of antidiabetic agents differ across patient subgroups?…”