Agronomic traits of soybean cultivars released in different decades after grafting record‐yield cultivar as rootstock

Li, Shengyou; Teng, Fei; Rao, D. Madhava; Yao, Xingdong; Zhang, Hui‐Jun; Wang, Haiying; Shu-hong, Song; Martin, S. K. St.; Xie, Futi

doi:10.1111/pbr.12436

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the present study, root longevity did not differ among rootstocks of different maturity groups, suggesting that the scion plays a key role in the determination of root longevity. A similar result was found in the study of Li et al (2017) with 11 scion cultivars of different maturity groups released in different years and two rootstock cultivars, in which agronomic traits such as pod numbers, seed numbers, 100-seed mass and yield were correlated with release years of scion cultivars.…”

Section: Evolutionary Trends Of Root Traits In Widely Grown Soybean Csupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation by grafting technique of changes in the contribution of root-to-shoot development and biomass production in soybean (Glycine max) cultivars released from 1929 to 2006 in China

Cao

Sun

et al. 2019

Crop Pasture Sci.

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Root traits are essential for optimising nutrient and water absorption and anchorage. However, changes in root traits and the contribution of root-to-shoot growth and development of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) across a century of breeding are poorly documented. In this study, we adopted a grafting technique, using 55 cultivars released in the three main soybean-production regions in China as rootstocks in a pot experiment and 24 cultivars from the Yellow-Huai-Hai Valley (YHH) region as rootstocks in a field experiment, with cv. Zigongdongdou as the common scion. Changes in soybean roots, including dry weight (DW) of roots, lateral root number (LRN) and taproot length (TRL), and their contribution to shoot development and biomass formation, including shoot DW, plant height and node number, were evaluated under optimal conditions in 2011. Aboveground traits declined with year of release in the YHH region and did not vary over time in the northern Heilongjiang province and mid-south Heilongjiang region except for shoot DW. The root traits root DW, LRN and TRL were similar over years of release in the pot and field experiments. The results suggest that the newer cultivars have lesser shoot growth and root capacity but the same amount of root growth as older cultivars. Root traits did not change during selection, suggesting that improvement in soybean root traits should be an aim in future breeding.

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Section: Evolutionary Trends Of Root Traits In Widely Grown Soybean Csupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation by grafting technique of changes in the contribution of root-to-shoot development and biomass production in soybean (Glycine max) cultivars released from 1929 to 2006 in China

Cao

Sun

et al. 2019

Crop Pasture Sci.

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“…Grafting has also been adopted in soybean physiological researches. Recently, Li et al (2017a,b) reported that the photosynthesis, yield, and 100-seed mass of current-cultivar soybean scions could be improved when grafted onto rootstocks of higher root physiological activities. But, these shoot improvements were failed to be achieved with older-cultivar scions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Zhao

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Improvement of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield and photosynthesis physiology have been achieved over decades of cultivar breeding. Identification of the mechanisms involved in shoot-root interactions would be beneficial for the development of yield improvement breeding strategies. The objectives of this study were to investigate soybean shoot-root interactions with different-year released soybean cultivars and to evaluate their effects on grain yield and yield components. Soybean grafts used in this study were constructed with two record-yield cultivars Liaodou14 (L14) and Zhonghuang35 (Z35) and eleven cultivars released in 1966–2006 from the United States and Chinese. The grafting experiments were conducted as pot-culture experiments and repeated in 2014 and 2015. Our results showed that net photosynthesis rate ( P N ) was positively correlated to both root activity and root bleeding sap mass (RBSM) during the R6 reproductive stage. Moreover, different year-released soybean shoots had all exhibited capabilities of changing the root activity and architecture of L14 and Z35 rootstocks to “generation”-specific patterns during all reproductive stages. However, these influences were independent of the photosynthetic strength. Yield analysis had demonstrated that high-yielding root systems (L14 and Z35 rootstocks) could cause more than 15% of yield increase in seven out of eleven common scions in a scion-genotype-dependent manner. For Williams-descendant cultivar scions, L14 and Z35 rootstocks promoted yields mainly by increasing the seed number (SN), but those scions of Amsoy-descendent cultivars showed mainly seed weight (SW) increases when grafted onto L14 and Z35 rootstocks. On the other hand, although most tested common rootstocks did not show significant influence over the final yields in record-yield L14 and Z35 scions, they were obviously capable of shifting the formation of yield components when compared to L14 and Z35 self-grafting controls. Taken together, soybean shoots could influence the root physiology and played a crucial role in the determination of yield potentials. Synergistically with shoots, soybean roots played a more supportive role during the realization of yield potentials through root activities and by balancing the formation of yield components. These findings provided interesting insightful information for developing new breeding strategies which aim to pyramid elite physiological and yield traits by selecting specific parental combinations.

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“…The L14 had produced the highest yield records of 4, 908 kg/ha in Northeast China soybean production regions (song et al, 2001), is therefore known as the record-yield cultivars in China. The L14 was used as rootstock in previous study could lead to an increase of grain yield, especially for the modern cultivars (Li et al, 2017a). The present study suggested that the important cause of wide adaptability and high yield for L15 and L14 was the superiority of their roots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…To determine the root contributions to drought resistance, it was critical to eliminate interference of shoot effects by ensuring a consistent genotypic shoot. Grafting to connect scion and rootstock of differing soybean genotypes has been used in previous studies (Li et al, 2017a(Li et al, , b, 2019, which could be helpful for this study. In previous study, the soybean cultivars Liaodou21 (L21) were categorized as drought-sensitive types based on their ability to maintain biomass and grain yield under drought condition (Yan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of different genotypic roots to drought resistance in soybean by a grafting experiment

Cao

Chang-ling

et al. 2020

Plant Production Science

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Knowledge on the existing root diversity in germplasms has been emphasized for soybean breeding to improve drought resistance. Yet, evaluation of root diversity for vast genotypes still remains challenging. Here we investigated the contribution of different genotypic roots to drought resistance by a grafting experiment. A total of 22 cultivars were used as rootstocks to graft with scions of drought-sensitive cultivar L21. Water withholding was imposed during 15 days at podding stage in pot-culture experiments. The root-related traits were measured under wellwatered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) conditions. At maturity, the drought-resistance coefficient (DRC) was calculated as the yield under WS condition relative to WW yield. The DRC varied from 0.56 to 0.85 among grafts; thus, the rootstocks were categorized as drought-sensitive (DS), moderate (M) and drought-resistant (DR) types. The L21 scion grafted onto DR rootstocks resulted in higher DRC and greater drought resistance than those self-grafts. There were also significant interactions between water stress and genotype for root-related traits. With the increase of DRC, the plants showed linear increases in root length, root surface area, and root volume, but had linear decreases in root dry mass, root-shoot ratio and root tissue density under WS rather than WW conditions. We suggested that developed rooting with a low investment on dry matter identified by grafting experiments should be selected to improve drought resistance in soybean breeding.

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Agronomic traits of soybean cultivars released in different decades after grafting record‐yield cultivar as rootstock

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation by grafting technique of changes in the contribution of root-to-shoot development and biomass production in soybean (Glycine max) cultivars released from 1929 to 2006 in China

Evaluation by grafting technique of changes in the contribution of root-to-shoot development and biomass production in soybean (Glycine max) cultivars released from 1929 to 2006 in China

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Contribution of different genotypic roots to drought resistance in soybean by a grafting experiment

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