Agronomic Responses of Corn Hybrids to Row Width and Plant Density

Roekel, Ryan J. Van; Coulter, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.2134/agronj2011.0380

Cited by 56 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These results from the autumn harvests were consistent with the previous research [1]- [3]; however, for autumn harvests at the Belmont locations, the greatest yield was recorded from the full-maturity hybrid (12.2 Mg•ha −1 ) and there were no differences in yield between The SLICE option in PROC MIXED [29] partitioned interactions across harvest timing treatments and P-values indicate significance (Fisher's Protected LSD at P = 0.05) within the slice. c Data were pooled across autumn and spring harvest timing treatments within a location.…”

Section: Harvest Timing and Hybrid Maturity Effectssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…While selecting full-season or later maturing corn hybrids can maximize yield [1]- [3], later maturity hybrids can have high grain moisture content at harvest (more than 30% to 35%), contributing to increased drying costs [4] and low grain test weights. Increased autumn precipitation, a trend observed in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States [5] [6], can also delay harvest and could contribute to high grain moisture content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agronomic Management Strategies to Reduce the Yield Loss Associated with Spring Harvested Corn in Ontario

Mahoney¹,

Klapwyk²,

Stewart³

et al. 2015

AJPS

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Some growers in northern corn (Zea mays L.) producing regions forgo the typical autumn harvest for various reasons, but not without the risk of significant yield loss. Therefore, strategies are needed for managing the risks to yield when harvesting corn in spring. Field experiments, with various management strategies, were initiated in Ontario, Canada near Belmont and Ridgetown in 2009 and near Belmont, Ridgetown, and Lucan in 2010. Management strategies investigated the use of hybrids with a range in maturity, the use of standard and reduced plant populations, and the use of a foliar fungicide applied around tasseling. The parameters examined were stay-green in autumn, lodging in spring, and grain yield, moisture, and test weight of corn harvested in autumn and spring. Standard corn production practices consist of using a full-season hybrid planted at 80,000 plants•ha −1 with no late-season fungicide application; however, if over-wintered at Belmont, corn managed using these practices resulted in a 23.1% yield loss (12.1 vs 9.3 Mg•ha −1 ) averaged across years when the crop was harvested in the spring. An overwintering management strategy for corn was identified, which consisted of planting at a reduced plant population (60,000 plants•ha −1 ) and spraying the crop with QUILT ® (azoxystrobin + propiconazole at 200 g a.i. ha −1 ) at the VT to R1 growth stage. Averaged across all hybrids, this strategy minimized yield losses through improvements on corn standability with only a 3.5% yield loss at Ridgetown and a 13.2% yield loss at Belmont. Furthermore, grain test weights for corn with the overwintering strategy were similar to or greater than corn overwintered with the standard production practice. However, weather conditions have the potential to overwhelm any management strategy. In spite of the favorable data indicating reduced risks with a spring harvest, lodging was still higher than expected and yield losses would likely be unacceptable for most growers to make a spring corn harvest a widely accepted practice, unless autumn grain moistures are extremely high, drying charges * Corresponding author. K. J. Mahoney et al. 373are high, and if stalk strength going into the winter was exceptional.

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Section: Harvest Timing and Hybrid Maturity Effectssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Management Strategies to Reduce the Yield Loss Associated with Spring Harvested Corn in Ontario

Mahoney¹,

Klapwyk²,

Stewart³

et al. 2015

AJPS

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“…In an organic oat (Avena sativa) cropping system, for example, the combination of competitive genotype, increased plant density, and post-emergence harrowing decreased weed biomass by 71% compared with standard practices (Benaragama and Shirtliffe 2013). In addition, optimum plant density is most economical in terms of net return due to optimized seed rate and increased yield (van Roekel and Coulter 2012). However, the present study was not designed to assess the potential economic implications of canola plant density, and future research on this subject is warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canola seed yield and phenological responses to plant density

et al. 2016

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Optimal plant density is required to improve plant phenological traits and maximize seed yield in field crops. In this study, we determined the effect of plant density on duration of flowering, post-flowering phase, and seed yield of canola in diverse environments. The field study was conducted at 16 site-years across the major canola growing area of western Canada from 2010 to 2012. The cultivar InVigor® 5440, a glufosinate-resistant hybrid, was grown at five plant densities (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 plants m −2 ) in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Canola seed yield had a linear relationship with plant density at 8 of the 16 site-years, a quadratic relationship at 4 site-years, and there was no correlation between the two variables in the remaining 4 site-years. At site-years with low to medium productivity, canola seed yield increased by 10.2 to 14.7 kg ha −1 for every additional plant per square metre. Averaged across the 16 diverse environments, canola plants spent an average of 22% of their life cycle flowering and another 27% of the time filling seed post-flowering. Canola seed yield had a negative association with duration of flowering and a positive association with the days post-flowering but was not associated with number of days to maturity. The post-flowering period was 12.7, 14.7, and 12.6 d (or 55, 68, and 58%) longer in high-yield experiments than in low-yield experiments in 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. We conclude that optimization of plant density for canola seed yield varies with environment and that a longer post-flowering period is critical for increasing canola yield in western Canada.Key words: flowering duration, reproductive phase, diverse environments, seeding rates, pod to flower ratio.Résumé : Les plantes doivent avoir une densité optimale pour qu'il y ait amélioration de leurs caractères phéno-logiques et pour que le rendement grainier atteigne son maximum. Dans le cadre de cette étude, les auteurs ont déterminé les effets de la densité du peuplement sur la durée de la floraison, la phase post-floraison et le rendement grainier du canola dans diverses conditions. L'étude sur le terrain, qui portait sur 16 sites-années dans la principale zone de culture du canola de l'Ouest canadien, a duré de 2010 à 2012. Le cultivar InVigor® 5440, hybride résistant au glufosinate, a été cultivé à cinq densités (20, 40, 60, 80 et 100 plants m-2 ) dans le cadre d'une étude en blocs aléatoires complets avec quatre répétitions. Le rendement grainier du canola présentait une relation linéaire avec la densité de peuplement à 8 sur 16 sites-années et une relation quadratique à 4 sites-années, mais aucune corrélation n'associait ces deux variables aux quatre autres sites-années. Aux sites-années se caractérisant par une productivité faible à moyenne, le rendement grainier du canola a augmenté de 10,2 à 14,7 kg ha -1 pour chaque plant supplémentaire par mètre carré. Lorsqu'on calcule la moyenne pour les 16 environnements, on constate que les plants de canola consacrent...

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“…Tollenaar y Lee (2011) comentaron que el incremento en la productividad de maíz en Estados Unidos de América fue de 1.5 a 9.5 t ha -1 desde 1930 hasta 2008. maximizes grain yield (Sangoi et al, 2002;Tollenaar and Lee, 2011). In a number of researches, the interrelation between PGP (Rossini et al, 2012;Van Roekel and Coulter, 2012;Manfield and Mumm, 2013;Antonieta et al, 2014), LM or PVG (Cervantes et al, 2015).…”

Section: Variance Analysisunclassified

Respuesta de diez cultivares de maíz a la densidad de población en tres localidades del centro mexiquense

Mercado

López²,

Huerta³

et al. 2017

Remexca

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La densidad de población es uno de los principales factores que contribuyen a incrementar el rendimiento de grano en maíz. El presente trabajo se estableció en 2013 en tres localidades del centro del Estado de México, México para evaluar el rendimiento de grano y sus componentes principales en diez cultivares de maíz en tres densidades de población. Los tres ensayos se establecieron en campo en un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones en un arreglo de parcelas divididas: en las parcelas grandes se distribuyeron las densidades de población y en las chicas los cultivares. Hubo diferencias significativas (p = 0.01) entre cultivares en las 13 variables registradas, en densidad de población éstas lo fueron en longitud de mazorca, diámetro de mazorca, peso de olote, peso de grano por planta, y rendimiento de grano. Un incremento en la densidad de población disminuyó el número y el peso de grano por planta pero a 104 167 plantas ha-1 el rendimiento fue de10.03 t ha-1. Con P204W se obtuvo la mayor producción de grano (10 t ha-1), pero éste no difirió estadísticamente de IC 2010, AS-MJ9082, H-40 y AS-723. El análisis de componentes principales explicó 65.94% de la variación total original, en éste se observó una alta correlación entre rendimiento de grano, granos por planta, índice de prolificidad y peso de olote.

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Agronomic Responses of Corn Hybrids to Row Width and Plant Density

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Agronomic Management Strategies to Reduce the Yield Loss Associated with Spring Harvested Corn in Ontario

Agronomic Management Strategies to Reduce the Yield Loss Associated with Spring Harvested Corn in Ontario

Canola seed yield and phenological responses to plant density

Respuesta de diez cultivares de maíz a la densidad de población en tres localidades del centro mexiquense

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