Agronomic Management for Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: High and Low Values of Temperature, Light Intensity, and Relative Humidity

Ferrante, António; Mariani, Luigi

doi:10.3390/horticulturae4030021

Cited by 96 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…These stressing conditions probably resulted in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [31] which notoriously increase the respiration rate. On the contrary, the lowest weight loss was observed for the product harvested in February (winter cycle) when lower temperatures and solar radiation occurred ( Figure 1A,B).…”

Section: Dry Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that high light intensity impairs chlorophyll biosynthesis [35] with light stress exacerbated when associated with high temperature [31]. The exposure of broccoli plants during the vegetative phase to increasing UV-B radiation levels (from 2.2 to 16.4 kJ m −-2 ) led to a significant reduction of both chlorophylls and carotenoids [12] since UV-B radiation (280--320 nm) is the most dangerous radiation of the light spectrum inducing severe damage [31]. A similar combination of climatic conditions also occurred in the summer-autumn cycle (Table 1; Figure 1A and B), explaining the reduced chlorophyll (and carotenoid) content in florets harvested in November.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater light availability combined with higher temperatures, particularly during the head formation (max = 31.1 • C and min = 15.3 • C) in June-harvested broccoli, resulted in a more drastic reduction in these pigments. It is well known that high light intensity impairs chlorophyll biosynthesis [35] with light stress exacerbated when associated with high temperature [31]. The exposure of broccoli plants during the vegetative phase to increasing UV-B radiation levels (from 2.2 to 16.4 kJ m −2 ) led to a significant reduction of both chlorophylls and carotenoids [12] since UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) is the most dangerous radiation of the light spectrum inducing severe damage [31].…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harvest Season and Genotype Affect Head Quality and Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Use Broccoli

et al. 2020

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Pre-harvest climatic conditions and genotype may have important effects on head quality and post-harvest performance of fresh-cut broccoli. The present work evaluates the effect of the growing cycle (summer–autumn (SA), winter (W), winter–spring (WS), and spring (S)) and genotype on qualitative (dry matter, concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and color) and antioxidative (ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total phenol concentrations, and antioxidant capacity) traits of broccoli heads and minimally processed florets. The WS raw product showed the best color indices (L* = 38.6, C* = 9.3 and h° = 123.8) as well as the highest chlorophyll (0.23 µg mg−1 fresh weight) but the lowest total phenol concentration (5.5 µg mg−1 dry weight - DW), whereas the ascorbic acid level (2.3 µg mg−1 DW) was comparable to or lower than that the other growing cycles. The WS florets confirmed their best visual quality, even showing an improved total phenol level after 14 days of cold storage. The climatic conditions experienced by broccoli plants grown in SA, W, and S periods were stressful as they resulted in a slight reduction in the visual quality of the heads, though only the SA florets showed a distinctive decay during storage. The lower post-harvest performance of SA grown broccoli was confirmed in all the tested cultivars, despite ‘Naxos’ seeming more tolerant. On the contrary, the greatest content of ascorbic acid (3.2 µg mg−1 DW) in the W heads and of phenols (11.1 µg mg−1 DW) in S heads was maintained during storage, thus preserving floret color.

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Section: Dry Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harvest Season and Genotype Affect Head Quality and Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Use Broccoli

et al. 2020

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“…A compendium of old and new agronomic tools has been reported in this special issue. For each stress, specific agronomic strategies have been described for lowering their negative effects and allow crops to cope with the stressful conditions [3,4].…”

Section: Controlled Abiotic Stress Management For the Agriculture Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This special issue collects state of the art studies of the effects of abiotic stresses on agricultural crops and ornamental plants in Mediterranean areas. In particular, a compendium of agronomic strategies has been described and re-evaluated for improving crop tolerance in the short term [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Stress Effects on Performance of Horticultural Crops

2019

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The yield and quality of horticultural crops mainly depend on genotype, environmental conditions, and cultivation management. Abiotic stresses, such as adverse environmental conditions, can strongly reduce crop performance, with crop yield losses ranging from 50% to 70%. The most common abiotic stresses are represented by cold, heat, drought, flooding, salinity, nutrient deficiency, and high and low light intensities, including ultraviolet radiation. These abiotic stresses affect multiple physiological and biochemical processes in plants. The ability of plants to face these stresses depends on their adaptation aptitude, and tolerant plants may express different strategies to adapt to or avoid the negative effects of abiotic stresses. At the physiological level, photosynthetic activity and light-use efficiency of plants may be modulated to enhance tolerance against the stress. At the biochemical level, several antioxidant systems can be activated, and many enzymes may produce stress-related metabolites to help avoid cellular damage, including such compounds as proline, glycine betaine, amino acids, etc. This special issue gathers eight papers; three are reviews and five are research papers. Two reviews are focused on the application of appropriate agronomic strategies for counteracting the negative effects of abiotic stresses. The third review is based on ornamental plant production under drought stress conditions and the effect on their ornamental quality. The research papers report the effect of climate change on crop development, yield, and quality. Abiotic stresses have been proven to reduce crop performance and yield. Research studies are essential for understanding the key adaptation strategies of plants that can be exploited for improving the crop stress tolerance.

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Aggravation of global maize yield loss risk under various hot and dry scenarios using multiple types of prediction approaches

Yin,

Leng,

Huang

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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High temperature and drought are widely known to cause a reduction of crop yield, but the simultaneously occurring risks in major producing countries and the associated uncertainty across various climate change scenarios remain unclear at the global scale. Here, we evaluate global maize yield loss risk (i.e., the probability of yield reduction by over 10% relative to historical trend yield during 1981–2010) across 30 hot and dry scenarios using regression, machine learning and process‐based models. Besides examining yield loss risk in a single country, we predict the potential risks simultaneously occurring in the top two and top ten producing countries. The three approaches agree on the aggravation of yield loss risk under dry and hot scenarios, but show large discrepancy in the magnitude and sensitivities. Specifically, 2°C warming alone could lead to a global yield loss risk of 73%, 100% and 62% based on regression, long‐short term memory (LSTM) and process‐based models, respectively, and warming‐induced risks can be further aggravated by droughts especially in process models. Global yield loss by over 10% would even become the new norm (i.e., yield loss probability is 100%) when temperature increases by over 2°C in some models. Importantly, the probabilities of yield loss simultaneously occurring in the top two countries (i.e., United States and China) and top ten countries are unexpectedly high and could even become 100% under extreme hot and dry scenarios. Our results highlight the large risks that future climate change may bring to multiple exporting and importing countries simultaneously, thus threating global food market and security. We also emphasize the important value of using different types of prediction approaches for yield projection under hot and dry scenarios, which enables more realistic estimation of uncertainty range than a single type of model.

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Agronomic Management for Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: High and Low Values of Temperature, Light Intensity, and Relative Humidity

Cited by 96 publications

References 48 publications

Harvest Season and Genotype Affect Head Quality and Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Use Broccoli

Harvest Season and Genotype Affect Head Quality and Shelf-Life of Ready-to-Use Broccoli

Abiotic Stress Effects on Performance of Horticultural Crops

Aggravation of global maize yield loss risk under various hot and dry scenarios using multiple types of prediction approaches

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