Agromorphological Characterization of a Collection of Senna obtusifolia (L.) in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Aims: Senna obtusifolia (L.) is an important wild herbaceous species for subsaharan Africa population. It is used in human food and traditional medicine to treat several deseases. In Burkina Faso, despite its potentialities, this species is of a little interest in scientific research. The aim of this study is to provide a good knowledge of the genetic diversity of this species.
 Study Design: The experimental design used was a randomized Fischer block type with three replications.
 Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at Gampéla during 2018 rainy season.
 Methodology: Seventy (70) accessions of Senna obtusifolia were used for the evaluation of agromorphological variability. A total of twenty-seven (27) quantitative traits were studied.
 Results: The study revealed the existence of a great variability within the studied collection. Among the twenty-one (21) traits used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA), seventeen (17) variables significantly discriminate the accessions. A high heterogeneity was observed for the number of leaflets of the three first leaves and the number of floral pieces. In addition, significant correlations were observed between several variables. Indeed, the number of primary branches was positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant (r = 0.483), the number of grains per plant (r = 0.352) and the leaves biomass (r = 0.279). However, the number of days at flowering (NJF) is negatively correlated with the number of primary branches (r = -0.281). The variability obtained was structured in three groups. The third group is composed of accessions with the best agronomic performance that could be used in future breeding program.
 Conclusion: A high agromorphological diversity of Senna obtusifolia was observed and could be used in a breeding program.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of a Collection of Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby Using SSRs Markers in Burkina Faso

“…In addition, this group contains the majority of the best agronomic performance accessions from the agromorphological evaluation. According to Nacambo et al [ 11 ], an agromorphological evaluation carried out on these same accessions revealed a group of accessions (group 3) that showed better agronomic performance. The majority of the accessions in genetic group 3 are part of this group that showed better agronomic performance.…”

“…Tis research is part of a Ph.D. thesis called "Ethnobotanical Study and Genetic Diversity of a Collection of Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby in Burkina Faso" [42]. Tis work was carried out during the author's unique PhD thesis at the Université Joseph KI-ZERBO de Ouagadougou.…”

“…However, very few studies have been devoted to it in Burkina Faso, and its diversity remains poorly known. Several studies have been conducted mainly on their medicinal role [ 9 ]; biochemical composition [ 10 ]; ethnobotanical study [ 4 ]; agromorphological characterization [ 11 ], and competitiveness evaluation of it as an invasive species [ 12 ].…”

“…Agromorphological characterization of 70 accessions including the present collection of Senna obtusifolia was conducted in 2018 by Nacambo et al [ 11 ] using morphological markers. This study showed the existence of variability within the Senna obtusifolia .…”

“…It is therefore necessary to better appreciate the variability observed during the agromorphological evaluation using molecular markers. Work carried out by Mohanty et al [16] revealed a total of 158 alleles, 109 alleles, and 78 alleles for seventeen (17) RAPD markers, eleven (11) ISSR markers, and seven (7) SSR markers on Senna obtusifolia (Cassia tora).…”