Agroecological engineering

Lescourret, Françoise; Dutoit, Thierry; Rey, Freddy; Côté, François; Hamelin, Marjolaine; Lichtfouse, Éric

doi:10.1007/s13593-015-0335-9

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Enhancing beneficial biodiversity and their interactions in agriculture through the integration of a combination of agricultural techniques at different spatial and temporal scales (biodiversitybased systems) remains a highly promising avenue of research that is still largely unexplored (Médiène et al 2011;Gaba et al 2015). The main challenge for such agro-ecological approaches to engineering the agro-ecosystem is to design a compatible set of agricultural practices even while the necessary ecological knowledge is often incomplete (Lescourret et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Petit

Cordeau

Chauvel

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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In the context of a shift towards pesticide reduction in arable farming, weed management remains a challenging issue. Integrated Weed Management currently recommends agronomic practices for weed control, but it does not integrate the use of biodiversitybased options, enhancing the biological regulation of weeds. Here, wereview existing knowledge related to three potentially beneficial interactions, of crop-weed competition, weed seed granivory, and weed interactions with pathogenic fungi. Our main finding are the following : (1) promoting cropped plant-weed competition by manipulating cropped cover could greatly contribute to weed reduction ; (2) weed seed granivory by invertebrates can significantly lower weed emergence, although this effect can be highly variable because seed predation is embedded within complex multitrophic interactions that are to date not fully understood ; (3) a wide range of fungi are pathogenic to various stages of weed development, but strain efficacy in field trials does not often match that in controlled conditions. We present a framework that superimposes biodiversity-based options for weed biocontrol on a classical Integrated Weed Management system. We then describe the current state of knowledge on interactions between agronomic practices and the organisms at play and between the different biological components of the system. We argue that further advances in our understanding of biodiversity-based options and their performance for weed biocontrol will require farm-scale experimental trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Petit

Cordeau

Chauvel

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…These authors add that we can only speak of "truly integrative pest management" when research focuses on a complete redesign of cropping systems and promoting biodiversity at every scale. In the same vein, other researchers suggest promoting cultivated or wild plant biodiversity in agroecosystems, in order to strengthen not just pest regulation but also other ecosystem services and agroecosystem stability (Altieri and Nicholls 2004;Bianchi et al 2006;Duru et al 2015;Ferron and Deguine 2005;Gaba et al 2015;Hoy 2020;Hufnagel et al 2020;Isbell et al 2017;Kiritani 2000Kiritani , 2020Landis 2017;Lescourret et al 2015a;Lundgren and Fausti 2015;Malézieux et al 2009;Ratnadass et al 2012;Tilman et al 2006).…”

Section: Gaps In Research Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

Deguine

Aubertot

Flor³

et al. 2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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297

104

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) provides an illustration of how crop protection has (or has not) evolved over the past six decades. Throughout this period, IPM has endeavored to promote sustainable forms of agriculture, pursued sharp reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and thereby resolved myriad socio-economic, environmental, and human health challenges. Global pesticide use has, however, largely continued unabated, with negative implications for farmer livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and the human right to food. In this review, we examine how IPM has developed over time and assess whether this concept remains suited to present-day challenges. We believe that despite many good intentions, hard realities need to be faced. 1) We identify the following major weaknesses: i) a multitude of IPM definitions that generate unnecessary confusion; ii) inconsistencies between IPM concepts, practice, and policies; iii) insufficient engagement of farmers in IPM technology development and frequent lack of basic understanding of its underlying ecological concepts. 2) By diverting from the fundamental IPM principles, integration of practices has proceeded along serendipitous routes, proven ineffective, and yielded unacceptable outcomes. 3) We show that in the majority of cases, chemical control still remains the basis of plant health programs. 4) Furthermore, IPM research is often lagging, tends to be misguided, and pays insufficient attention to ecology and to the ecological functioning of agroecosystems. 5) Since the 1960s, IPM rules have been twisted, its foundational concepts have degraded and its serious (farm-level) implementation has not advanced. To remedy this, we are proposing Agroecological Crop Protection as a concept that captures how agroecology can be optimally put to the service of crop protection. Agroecological Crop Protection constitutes an interdisciplinary scientific field that comprises an orderly strategy (and clear prioritization) of practices at the field, farm, and agricultural landscape level and a dimension of social and organizational ecology.

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“…The biocontrol concept, for instance, promotes the use of four categories of biocontrol products, including natural substances. The adoption of other concepts or practices such as ecological engineering or agroecological engineering, habitat management, agroforestry and increased plant diversity, is highly recommended in suitable settings [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. These practices are, however, complex to implement because they involve all actors in a given sector and area, whereas farmers are not always the landowners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototyping a Knowledge-Based System to Identify Botanical Extracts for Plant Health in Sub-Saharan Africa

Silvie

Martin

Huchard

et al. 2021

Plants

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Replacing synthetic pesticides and antimicrobials with plant-based extracts is a current alternative adopted by traditional and family farmers and many organic farming pioneers. A range of natural extracts are already being marketed for agricultural use, but many other plants are prepared and used empirically. A further range of plant species that could be effective in protecting different crops against pests and diseases in Africa could be culled from the large volume of knowledge available in the scientific literature. To meet this challenge, data on plant uses have been compiled in a knowledge base and a software prototype was developed to navigate this trove of information. The present paper introduces this so-called Knomana Knowledge-Based System, while providing outputs related to Spodoptera frugiperda and Tuta absoluta, two invasive insect species in Africa. In early October 2020, the knowledge base hosted data obtained from 342 documents. From these articles, 11,816 uses—experimental or applied by farmers—were identified in the plant health field. In total, 384 crop pest species are currently reported in the knowledge base, in addition to 1547 botanical species used for crop protection. Future prospects for applying this interdisciplinary output to applications under the One Health approach are presented.

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Agroecological engineering

Abstract: International audienceno abstrac

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Biodiversity-based options for arable weed management. A review

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

Prototyping a Knowledge-Based System to Identify Botanical Extracts for Plant Health in Sub-Saharan Africa

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