Agro-Nanotechnology as an Emerging Field: A Novel Sustainable Approach for Improving Plant Growth by Reducing Biotic Stress

Abstract

In the present era, the global need for food is increasing rapidly; nanomaterials are a useful tool for improving crop production and yield. The application of nanomaterials can improve plant growth parameters. Biotic stress is induced by many microbes in crops and causes disease and high yield loss. Every year, approximately 20%–40% of crop yield is lost due to plant diseases caused by various pests and pathogens. Current plant disease or biotic stress management mainly relies on toxic fungicides and pesticides that are potentially harmful to the environment. Nanotechnology emerged as an alternative for the sustainable and eco-friendly management of biotic stress induced by pests and pathogens on crops. In this review article, we assess the role and impact of different nanoparticles in plant disease management, and this review explores the direction in which nanoparticles can be utilized for improving plant growth and crop yield.

Effects of Silicon and Silicon-Based Nanoparticles on Rhizosphere Microbiome, Plant Stress and Growth

“…Nanotechnology is reported as a cutting-edge technique that has been proven to be more efficient for phytoremediation along with its application in stress mitigation [ 2 , 89 ]. Si-NPs may improve crop yield by influencing nutrient availability in rhizospheric soil and absorption by the plants.…”

“…The use of Si-NPs ensures better plant performance and yield during unfavorable environmental conditions. The high surface-to-volume ratio of Si-NPs is reported to increase their reactivity and biochemical activities, which is responsible for their favorable effects on plants [ 89 , 103 ].…”

Plant Endophytic Fungus Extract ZNC Improved Potato Immunity, Yield, and Quality

“…Plant diseases, one of biotic stresses, cause about 20–40% crop yield loss every year ( Ranf et al, 2011 ; Cabral-Pinto et al, 2019 ; Vega et al, 2019 ). The present biotic stress or plant disease control mostly depends on toxic pesticides which may pollute the environment and cause excessive residues of agricultural product ( Khan et al, 2021 ). When plants are subjected to biotic stress, anti-disease substance accumulation occurs, and phytohormone-mediated signal pathway for disease resistance is triggered ( Li et al, 2016b ; Xia et al, 2019 ; Meng et al, 2020 ; Bordoloi et al, 2021 ).…”

Novel Approach and Biological Techniques to Improve the Crop Yields under Stress Conditions

“…It also slows down the plant growth by slowing the processes of photosynthesis thus discusses survival rate of plant in stress conditions. It is needed to adopt drastic changes for parroting the great by rescuing the stresses conditions [18][19][20].…”