Agrin Is Synthesized by Retinal Cells and Colocalizes with Gephyrin [corrected title]

Mann, Sabine; Kröger, Stephan

doi:10.1006/mcne.1996.0039

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Recombinant agrin was obtained from the supernatant of HEK 293 cells stably transfected with the construct agrin cFull hs 7A4B8 or agrin cFull hs 0A0B0 (Denzer et al, 1995) (here referred to as agrin 7,4,8 and agrin 0,0,0) and isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography as outlined previously (Mann and Kröger, 1996). The agrin 7,4,8, but not the 0,0,0 isoform, induces acetylcholine receptor aggregation at the neuromuscular junction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coxsackievirus–Adenovirus Receptor Reveals Complex Homophilic and Heterophilic Interactions on Neural Cells

Patzke¹,

Max²,

Behlke³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

119

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The coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a member of the Ig superfamily strongly expressed in the developing nervous system. Our histological investigations during development reveal an initial uniform distribution of CAR on all neural cells with a concentration on membranes that face the margins of the nervous system (e.g., the basal laminae and the ventricular side). At more advanced stages, CAR becomes downregulated and restricted to specific regions including areas rich in axonal and dendritic surfaces.To study the function of CAR on neural cells, we used the fiber knob of the adenovirus, extracellular CAR domains, blocking antibodies to CAR, as well as CAR-deficient neural cells. Blocking antibodies were found to inhibit neurite extension in retina organ and retinal explant cultures, whereas the application of the recombinant fiber knob of the adenovirus subtype Ad2 or extracellular CAR domains promoted neurite extension and adhesion to extracellular matrices.We observed a promiscuous interaction of CAR with extracellular matrix glycoproteins, which was deduced from analytical ultracentrifugation experiments, affinity chromatography, and adhesion assays. The membrane proximal Ig domain of CAR, termed D2, was found to bind to a fibronectin fragment, including the heparin-binding domain 2, which promotes neurite extension of wild type, but not of CAR-deficient neural cells. In contrast to heterophilic interactions, homophilic association of CAR involves both Ig domains, as was revealed by ultracentrifugation, chemical cross-linking, and adhesion studies. The results of these functional and binding studies are correlated to a U-shaped homodimer of the complete extracellular domains of CAR detected by x-ray crystallography.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coxsackievirus–Adenovirus Receptor Reveals Complex Homophilic and Heterophilic Interactions on Neural Cells

Patzke¹,

Max²,

Behlke³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Together, they provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying agrin effects on neurite elongation in central neurons. A potential role for this extracellular matrix protein during neurite outgrowth was first suggested based on its predominant expression during the early stages of development and its subcellular localization in growth cones (Cohen and Godfrey, 1992;Mann and Kroger, 1996;Ferreira, 1999;Serpinskaya et al, 1999;Neuhuber and Daniels, 2003). Functional studies provided additional evidence for a regulatory role of agrin on the rate of axonal and dendritic elongation in central neurons (Chang et al, 1997;Gautman et al, 1996;Ferreira, 1999;Mantych and Ferreira, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neuron-specific isoform was initially detected in motor neurons (Cohen and Godfrey, 1992;Magill-Solc and McMahan, 1988). Later, it was shown that this isoform was also expressed in the brain (Bowe and Fallon, 1995;Hoch et al, 1993;Kroger et al, 1996;Mann and Kroger, 1996;Mantych and Ferreira, 2001;O'Toole et al, 1996;Rupp et al, 1991Rupp et al, & 1992Stone and Nikolics, 1995). Secreted and transmembrane agrin isoforms are differentially expressed throughout the nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agrin induced morphological and structural changes in growth cones of cultured hippocampal neurons

2007

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The role of agrin in synaptogenesis has been extensively studied. On the other hand, little is known about the function of this extracellular matrix protein during developmental processes that precede the formation of synapses. Recently, it has been shown that agrin regulates the rate of neurite elongation and the behavior of growth cones in hippocampal and spinal neurons, respectively. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects have not been completely elucidated.In the present study, we analyzed the morphological and molecular changes induced by agrin in growth cones of hippocampal neurons that developed in culture. Morphometric analysis showed a significant enlargement of growth cones of hippocampal neurons cultured in the presence of agrin. These agrin-induced growth cone changes were accompanied by the formation of loops of microtubules highly enriched in acetylated tubulin and an increase in the content of the microtubuleassociated protein MAP1B. Together, these data provide further insights into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of agrin on neurite outgrowth in central neurons.

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“…Our current knowledge as summarized in this review, clearly shows that agrin plays a key role in the development of the NMJ. As agrin transcripts are expressed in the brain (e.g., OConnor et al 1994) and as agrin-like immunoreactivity is also found at synaptic sites in the chick retina (Mann and Kröger 1996), future studies should focus on whether agrin plays a role in the formation of interneuronal synapses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic differentiation: the role of agrin in the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction

Denzer¹,

Hauser²,

Gesemann³

et al. 1997

Molecular Bases of Axonal Growth and Pathfinding

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Abstract. Upon arrival of a motor axon at the muscle fiber, signals released from its growth cone initiate the formation of a synapse. This process consists of two stages: arrest of axon growth at the target area and differentiation of pre-and postsynaptic cells at the site of nerve-muscle contact. Studies of regenerating neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates have revealed that important signals for the formation of this synapse are located in the synaptic basal lamina, and attempts to identify these signals have led to the isolation of agrin and other components. In this review, we discuss the evidence for the involvement of these molecules and their potential functional role in the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction, with emphasis on agrin.

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Agrin Is Synthesized by Retinal Cells and Colocalizes with Gephyrin [corrected title]

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

The Coxsackievirus–Adenovirus Receptor Reveals Complex Homophilic and Heterophilic Interactions on Neural Cells

The Coxsackievirus–Adenovirus Receptor Reveals Complex Homophilic and Heterophilic Interactions on Neural Cells

Agrin induced morphological and structural changes in growth cones of cultured hippocampal neurons

Synaptic differentiation: the role of agrin in the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction

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