Agriculture in relation to socioeconomic status of Tharu in Chitwan of Nepal

Sharma, Shaurav; Yadav, Pankaj Kumar; Dahal, Rachana; Shrestha, Suwany Kiran; Bhandari, Sagar; Thapaliya, Krishna Prasad

doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100243

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The proportion occupied by crop and grass lands (agro-pastoralism) depends on population growth and urbanization in the district (3 rd after Kathmandu and Pokhara) in recent years, which has also impacted other land use types [ 30 ]. Farming practices in the area involve intercropping or crop rotation, with rice and wheat as the main crops, along with legumes such as soybean, common bean, black gram, green gram, and cluster bean, oilseeds like rapeseed and sunflower, and various vegetables and tropical fruits including carrots, tomatoes, green peppers, onions, lychee, mango, pineapples, banana, papaya, guava, and citrus [ 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of soil organic matter fractions, lability, stability ratios, and carbon management index in various land use types within bharatpur catchment, Chitwan District, Nepal

Murindangabo,

Kopecký,

Hoang

et al. 2023

Carbon Balance Manage

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Background Land use and land cover changes have a significant impact on the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) and its fractions, as well as on overall soil health. This study conducted in Bharatpur Catchment, Chitwan District, Nepal, aimed to assess and quantify variations in total soil organic matter (TSOMC), labile organic matter fraction (CL), stable organic matter fraction (CS), stability ratio (SR), and carbon management index (CMI) across seven land use types: pastureland, forestland, fruit orchards, small-scale conventional agricultural land, large-scale conventional agricultural land, large-scale alternative fallow and conventional agricultural land, and organic farming agricultural land. The study also explored the potential use of the Carbon Management Index (CMI) and stability ratio (SR) as indicators of soil degradation or improvement in response to land use changes. Results The findings revealed significant differences in mean values of TSOMC, CL, and CS among the different land use types. Forestland and organic farming exhibited significantly higher TSOMC (3.24%, 3.12%) compared to fruit orchard lands (2.62%), small scale conventional farming (2.22%), alternative fallow and conventional farming (2.06%), large scale conventional farming (1.84%) and pastureland (1.20%). Organic farming and Forestland also had significantly higher CL (1.85%, 1.84%) and CS (1.27%, 1.39%) compared to all other land use types. Forest and organic farming lands showed higher CMI values, while pastures and forests exhibited higher SR values compared to the rest of the land use types. Conclusions This study highlights the influence of various land use types on soil organic matter pools and demonstrates the potential of CMI and SR as indicators for assessing soil degradation or improvement in response to land use and land cover changes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of soil organic matter fractions, lability, stability ratios, and carbon management index in various land use types within bharatpur catchment, Chitwan District, Nepal

Murindangabo,

Kopecký,

Hoang

et al. 2023

Carbon Balance Manage

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“…1, Rajipur, which is located in Kanchanpur District. This study takes a descriptive approach to present a complete picture of the situation (Sharma et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Making Process of Tharu Women in Their Households, Bhimdatta Municipality, Kanchanpur

Bam

2023

Sudurpaschim Spectrum

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This sociological study critically examines the decision-making process of Tharu women in the households of Bhimdatta Municipality, Kanchanpur, Far Western Nepal, with a keen focus on understanding the intricate interplay of sociocultural factors that shape and govern these dynamics, as well as Tharu women’s educational status and decision-making positions in their homes. Research used qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, as well as descriptive and exploratory research, including in-depth interviews and non-participant observations, to investigate the nuanced dimensions of decision-making roles assumed by Tharu women in their familial environments. We included 250 Tharu households. Data from 50 households were gathered to determine a 95% confidence level, 20% population percentage, and 10% margin of error. The study found that Tharu women face significant educational challenges, including limited school access, financial constraints, traditional gender roles, and early marriages, all of which have an impact on their academic advancement and personal development. As a result, the position of decision-making in the Tharu community is far lower than that of men. In the sociological framework, the research study adds to our understanding of gender roles and power dynamics in indigenous societies. This study has important implications for sociological theories about intersectionality, cultural resilience, and adaptation to changing societal norms. Furthermore, the study’s findings have implications for the establishment of more inclusive and culturally responsive policies targeted at promoting gender equity and empowerment in Tharu households and other similar sociocultural settings.

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“…In response to growing consumer awareness, there is an increasing demand for organic products in Nepal, leading to a rise in the number of organic farmers and an expansion of the area dedicated to organic farming [3], [4], [5]. Approximately 26% of Nepalese farming systems are considered organic by default, as these farms abstain from using agrochemicals due to restricted access to inputs and capital [6]. Consequently, these farms do not require a conversion period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Economic Modeling of Conventional and Organic Farming Systems in Chitwan Nepal

Bastakoti

2023

CJMS

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A study in Chitwan, Nepal, aimed to compare economic and environmental factors between organic and conventional farming. Fifty-three farms (20 organic, 33 conventional) in Fulbari and Jagatpur villages of Chitwan district were surveyed for collecting data and analysis. Detailed data from 16 farms (eight from each organic and conventional farms) were used for modeling, focusing on input/output factors using linear programming. The average farm size of one hectare with sandy loam soil was selected for this analysis. An empirical analysis and a linear programming model were conducted to compare both organic and conventional farms. The model revealed that a cropping cycle involving carrots and other vegetables was key for achieving higher gross margins in both farming systems. Interestingly, a cropping cycle with 30% land allocated to legume crops showed higher variable costs and gross margins compared to one with 50% land dedicated to legume crops. Organic farming with a specific cropping cycle involving rice-broad bean-maize demonstrated superior environmental outcomes compared to the same cycle in conventional farming, particularly in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus surplus. Despite both types of farming being labor-intensive, the observed differences in labor use between organic and conventional farming were not significant for particular crops. However, when the model selected the optimal production plan, it showed that labor use was lower in organic farming than in conventional farming. The study concluded that while conventional farms exhibited higher economic performance, organic farming showcased better environmental outcomes, especially concerning nitrogen and phosphorus surplus. The continuation of organic farming is seen as crucial in supporting superior environmental performance at the farm level, rather than solely prioritizing increased production through conventional methods. To bridge the economic and environmental gap between organic and conventional farming for an optimal farm plan, further in-depth studies are essential, considering local factors such as labor availability, timely access to markets for organic products, and the specific cropping plans for optimal farm performance.

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Agriculture in relation to socioeconomic status of Tharu in Chitwan of Nepal

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Comparative analysis of soil organic matter fractions, lability, stability ratios, and carbon management index in various land use types within bharatpur catchment, Chitwan District, Nepal

Comparative analysis of soil organic matter fractions, lability, stability ratios, and carbon management index in various land use types within bharatpur catchment, Chitwan District, Nepal

Decision Making Process of Tharu Women in Their Households, Bhimdatta Municipality, Kanchanpur

Bio-Economic Modeling of Conventional and Organic Farming Systems in Chitwan Nepal

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