Agriculture and Rurality as Constructor of Sustainable Cultural Landscape

Construction and Metabolism of Cultural Landscapes for Sustainability in the Anthropocene

“…The artificialization of nature is facilitated by the action of operators (i.e., the necessary stimulus in a system to change from one state to another in a certain period) with a certain amount of work and a certain probability of success [29]. The process of artificialization is geared toward the conquest of niches and the optimization of the anthropogenic channeling of goods and services, extracting and incorporating elements into the ecosystem, often simplifying it structurally and functionally [1]. Three elements interact in the process of constructing a cultural landscape: the territory with its natural and anthropogenic components, the social actors who act in the territory, and the articulators (e.g., technology and regulations) of the interaction between the two previous elements.…”

“…These territorial typologies are differentiated by the varying proportions of three territorial components, including saltus, ager, and polis. Saltus is the territorial component that is not directly affected by anthropogenic actions; ager is the spatially open territorial component with a moderate degree of anthropogenic artificialization (i.e., "farming" as a predominant style of artificialization); and polis is the territorial component with a high degree of artificialization (i.e., "infrastructures" as the predominant style of artificialization) [1]. With the construction of a cultural landscape, a specialization of the territory takes place and a gradient of different territorial typologies arise [33].…”

“…It aims to establish the best combination of these activities in the territory according to the needs of society in terms of its culture on the one hand and ecological potentials and constraints on the other. The objective of the design of sustainable cultural landscapes should be to maximize the quality of life of the territory's inhabitants (1). This design must consider and incorporate the concept of "Universal Lawfulness", which integrates the restrictions of the physical and ecological levels for the management of and decision-making on social, technological, economic, and political aspects in a territory ( Figure 2) [1,59].…”

“…In the Anthropocene, humans have become the dominant force behind the transformation of territories and the construction of cultural landscapes [1,2]. Territorial problems and the increasing degradation of social-ecological systems demonstrate, however, that we may lack the capacity to properly direct this force in order to construct landscapes that last over time [3,4].…”

Servicio ecosistémico de abastecimiento: alimentos

“…Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD • Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente Servicios ecosistémicos supervivencia o de paisaje, entre otros. Por tanto, es un proceso de alteración del ecosistema natural con un objetivo específico, en el cual se involucran actores, naturaleza y tecnología(Gastó et al, 2012).En sus inicios evolutivos, los primeros humanos eran cazadores y recolectores para satisfacer sus necesidades alimentarias. Luego, al hacerse sedentarios, no sólo domesticaron especies animales y vegetales, sino que también domesticaron ecosistemas enteros, seleccionando atributos esenciales que los hicieran más productivos; de ahí nació la hoy conocida como agricultura tradicional(Kandziora et al, 2013).…”