Agriculture and Public Goods

Vanni, Francesco

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7457-5

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…By taking advantage of widefield imaging, we monitored both cortical hemispheres in mice performing a visual detection task, and found that bilateral ongoing activity has a powerful additive impact on sensory processing. As reported previously (Mohajerani et al, 2010;Shimaoka et al, 2017;Vanni and Murphy, 2014), voltage and calcium signals exhibited strong bilateral fluctuations in ongoing activity. In both types of signal, the impact of these bilateral fluctuations varied across cortical areas, and was stronger in areas closer to the midline.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The cortex exhibits clear bilateral activity during motor behavior (Musall et al, 2018), which is understandable given the symmetry involved in many body movements. It is less clear, however, why there should be bilateral symmetry in sensory responses, and even less clear why there should be symmetry in ongoing activity, both in wakefulness and in anesthesia (Mohajerani et al, 2010;Shimaoka et al, 2017;Vanni and Murphy, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of bilateral ongoing activity on evoked responses in mouse cortex

Shimaoka

Steinmetz

Harris

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The ongoing activity of the left and right cortical hemispheres shows strong bilateral fluctuations. Here we show that these fluctuations are largely responsible for the variability observed in cortical responses to sensory stimuli. Using widefield imaging of voltage and calcium signals, we measured activity in the cortex of mice performing a visual detection task. Bilateral fluctuations invested all areas, particularly those closest to the midline. Activity was less bilateral in the monocular region of primary visual cortex and, especially during task engagement, in secondary motor cortex. Ongoing bilateral fluctuations dominated unilateral visual responses, and interacted additively with them, explaining much of the variance in trial-by-trial activity. Even though these fluctuations occurred in regions necessary for the task, they did not impact detection behavior. We conclude that bilateral ongoing activity continues during sensory stimulation and has a powerful additive impact on sensory processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of bilateral ongoing activity on evoked responses in mouse cortex

Shimaoka

Steinmetz

Harris

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Collective action is an integral part of CPR management, and a large body of research has been undertaken on this topic [13,14,38,39,44]. The factors determining the outcome of collective action in sustainable CPR management can be categorized as: (1) resource system characteristics; (2) actor group characteristics; (3) institutional arrangements; and (4) the external environment, such as ICT or state [45].…”

Section: Collective Action To Manage Common-pool Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that formalized tourism industry networks can play a crucial role in achieving common goals; and often the outcome of collective action depends on those networking organizations [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Managing High Arctic Tourism Sites: A Collective Action Perspective

2017

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Sustainable management of nature-based tourism sites is a pertinent issue in vulnerable Arctic environments. Arctic tourism operators often act collectively to protect their common interests of ensuring the sustainability of tourism sites. Nowadays, information and communication technology (ICT) is increasingly used to support these collaborative efforts, but the remoteness and risks associated with Arctic tourism operations challenge the success of such collective action. This study explores the use of ICT as a management tool for Arctic tourism sites to ensure their sustained quality. Drawing on a case study of an expedition cruise operators' network in Svalbard, we explore how the use of ICT affects collective action and sustainable management of tourism sites. Our findings show that, through increased noticeability, the creation of artificial proximity and the development of new management practices, ICT can help to overcome the challenges for collective action that are posed by the Arctic environment. The use of ICT results in changes in a network's relational and normative structures, which can as much add to as detract from the success of collective action. Our study indicates that the successful application of ICT depends on a high level of social capital, in particular norms, to guide interactions between ICT and network actors.

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“…Collective approaches (OECD, ; Vanni, ), often involving the public and private sectors in complementary roles, require more effort to establish than an individual/atomistic approach. However, they can have considerable advantages in meeting larger‐scale challenges, such as reducing the level of water pollution from farming throughout a catchment, restoring habitats and ecosystems, or building a viable long‐term market for a particularly sustainable or regionally distinctive product such as fruit from traditionally managed orchards, or animal welfare‐friendly milk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Step Change for Enhanced Delivery of Environmental and Social Benefits from EU Farming and Forestry

et al. 2018

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Summary More environmentally sensitive management of farmland and forestry is needed in Europe in response to increasing public demand and to meet the requirements of EU legislation for example on biodiversity. However, the provision of environmental and social public goods from farmland and forestry is not increasing at the required pace. A step change in approach is required: the opportunity could be provided by the current debate on adopting a more performance focussed model of the Common Agricultural Policy. Current policy mechanisms, including regulation and a range of incentives to individual farmers, meet part of the need but are not sufficient. Detailed analysis of 34 cases across the EU has convinced us that a new approach based on greater engagement with a wider range of key actors through collective actions could have greater ambition. It could aim for greater scale, longevity and coherence of action across a territory or along a supply chain. Building trust and establishing the right form of governance for highly diverse networks and types of cooperation is vital. Commercial actors in the supply chain could play a larger role. Links between flexible and extended forms of policy support, including for new initiatives, multi‐stakeholder partnerships and projects and for facilitators, will be needed.

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Agriculture and Public Goods

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

The impact of bilateral ongoing activity on evoked responses in mouse cortex

The impact of bilateral ongoing activity on evoked responses in mouse cortex

The Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Managing High Arctic Tourism Sites: A Collective Action Perspective

Towards a Step Change for Enhanced Delivery of Environmental and Social Benefits from EU Farming and Forestry

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