Agricultural use of marginal-quality water: opportunities and challenges

Qadir, Manzoor; Wichelns, Dennis; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Minhas, P.S.; Drechsel, Pay; Bahri, Aki√ßa; McCornick, Peter G.; Abaidoo, Robert C.; Attia, Fatma; El-Guindy, S.; Ensink, Jeroen H. J.; Jiménez, Blanca; Kijne, J. W.; Koo-Oshima, Sasha; Oster, J. D.; Oyebande, Lekan; Sagardoy, Juan Antonio; Hoek, Wim van der

doi:10.22004/ag.econ.158131

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, using wastewater for irrigation could have a number of environmental, agricultural, and water resource management positive effects if it is properly designed, executed and managed [ 6 ]. About 200 million villagers globally irrigate at least 20 million hectares (ha) with raw or partly treated wastewater [ 7 ], representing 8% of the total global irrigated farmland. Irrigating urban fields using untreated or partly treated wastewater has a number of advantages and disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irrigating urban fields using untreated or partly treated wastewater has a number of advantages and disadvantages. The benefits, especially in poor nations, include water saving [ 8 ], recycling of nutrients, reducing fertilizer need, and wastewater treatment on land, irrigation water availability [ 7 ], reducing the need for expensive transport or storage equipment’s, increasing nutrition for urban residents and improve living. The negatives include higher health risks and lower environmental quality as water, soil, and crops become progressively polluted with pathogens, metals, and other contaminants [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater Quality Modeling and Mitigation from Wastewater Used in Irrigation, a Case Study of the Nile Delta Aquifer in Egypt

Abd‐Elaty

Abd-Elmoneem²,

Abdel-Aal

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Groundwater is an essential freshwater source because traditional sources of freshwater, such as rainfall and rivers, are unable to provide all residential, industrial, and agricultural demands. Groundwater is replenished by different sources: rivers, canals, drains, and precipitation. This research aims to apply numerical models for a real case study (Bahr El Baqar drain) in the Eastern Nile aquifer to monitor groundwater quality due to the use of wastewater from drains directly in irrigation due to the shortage of freshwater in this area. In addition, the effect of over-pumping from the aquifer is studied to show the extent of contaminants in groundwater. Moreover, a management strategy was achieved through mixing treated wastewater with freshwater to reduce the contamination of groundwater and overcome water shortage. Visual MODFLOW is used to simulate groundwater flow and contaminant transport into the Eastern Nile aquifer (ENDA), Egypt. In this study, three stages including 15 scenarios (five scenarios for each stage) were settled to achieve the study objectives. The first stage was carried out to investigate the impact of using untreated wastewater for irrigation due to the shortage of freshwater in this area. The results of this stage showed that increasing the use of untreated wastewater increased the contamination of the aquifer. The average COD concentrations in the five scenarios reached 23.73, 33.76, 36.49, 45.13, and 53.15 mg/l. The second stage was developed to evaluate the impact of over-pumping and using untreated wastewater for irrigation due population increase and a reduction of freshwater in the Nile Delta. The results revealed that over-pumping has increased the contamination of the aquifer and the average COD concentrations increased to 25.3, 33.34, 40.66, 48.6, and 54.17 mg/l. The third stage was applied to investigate the impact of mixing treated wastewater with freshwater for irrigation to support the freshwater quantity. The results of this stage led to enhanced water quality in the aquifer and the average COD concentrations decreased to 20.26, 23.13, 26.03, 30, and 32.83 mg/l. The results showed that mixing freshwater with treated wastewater has a good influence on water quality, can be safely used in irrigation and reduces the effects on farmers’ health and life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Modeling and Mitigation from Wastewater Used in Irrigation, a Case Study of the Nile Delta Aquifer in Egypt

Abd‐Elaty

Abd-Elmoneem²,

Abdel-Aal

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Introduction: Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment

Molins-Delgado

Díaz˗Cruz

Barceló

2014

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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This chapter presents an overview of the main aspects relating to the occurrence and impact of ingredients in personal care products to the aquatic environment: methodologies of analysis, prevalence data, elimination processes, threats to the aquatic ecosystem, effects on biota and legislation with a special focus in European regulation. Water is a valuable resource for the environment as well as for human activities. Although it covers most of the Earth's surface, the amount of usable water is finite. Since ancient times until now, the use of water in human activities has been rapidly increasing along with the increase of the population, producing a continuous release of pollutants into the aquatic environment. Personal care products are a widely used group of substances that have been raising concerns during the last decades due to its continuous release into the environment and its proven effects (mostly on in vitro and in vivo assays) as a threat to all kinds of living organisms. Recent studies suggest that its continuous application on the skin or the intake of contaminated food may cause some concerning hazardous effects in human beings. In order to ensure the protection of this key ecosystem, a series of worldwide initiatives have been taking place during the last two decades, impelling monitoring programmes and governmental regulations worldwide. The common grounds of the European Union establish a series of regulations, such as the Water

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Peri-urban Water and Sanitation Services

Kurian¹,

McCarney

2010

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Agricultural use of marginal-quality water: opportunities and challenges

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Groundwater Quality Modeling and Mitigation from Wastewater Used in Irrigation, a Case Study of the Nile Delta Aquifer in Egypt

Groundwater Quality Modeling and Mitigation from Wastewater Used in Irrigation, a Case Study of the Nile Delta Aquifer in Egypt

Introduction: Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment

Peri-urban Water and Sanitation Services

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