Agreement between husband and wife reports of domestic violence: evidence from poor refugee communities in Lebanon

Khawaja, Marwan; Tewtel-Salem, Mylene

doi:10.1093/ije/dyh039

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This finding was consistent with other studies documenting associations between IPV and younger age. 9,13,17,19,26,[29][30][31]51 Possible explanations could be that younger women are more vulnerable, dependent, lacking agency or autonomy, and more economically dependent on their husband or his family. Also, younger women are married to younger men, who might be more abusive and supportive of violence compared with older men in refugee contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 A previous study on DV against women from poor refugee communities in Lebanon found that 29.5% of husbands and 22% of their wives reported that wife-beating occurred at least once during their marriage. 26 The prevalence of wife-beating in Jordanian refugee camps during a woman's lifetime was 44.7%. 27 Preliminary descriptive findings from this screening study revealed that DV against pregnant refugee women was common, 59% women had ever experienced physical violence, 19.1% experienced physical violence during the past year, 26.2% were subjected to sexual coercion, 16.8% experienced emotional violence, and 11.4% experienced physical violence during pregnancy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Domestic Violence against Women during Pregnancy: The Case of Palestinian Refugees Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Lebanon

Hammoury

Khawaja

Mahfoud

et al. 2009

Journal of Women's Health

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Objectives: To determine the factors associated with domestic violence against pregnant Palestinian refugee women residing in Lebanon and currently using the United Nation Relief and Work Agency's (UNRWA) primary healthcare services. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a polyclinic of primary healthcare of the UNRWA in South Lebanon during the years 2005-2006. The sample was 351 pregnant women who were 15-42 years of age and not accompanied by their husbands or relatives. All women were invited by the midwife to participate in the study during their visit to the clinic for their first checkup or during a follow-up visit. The Abuse Assessment Screen instrument was used to screen for past and recent history of physical and emotional abuse among the participants. Results: Domestic violence was significantly associated with education, gestational age, fear of husband or someone else in the house, and unintended pregnancy. The odds of abuse for women with an elementary or lower education were 6.86 (95% CI 1.2-38.1) and for women with an intermediate or secondary education 6.84 (95% CI 1.4-33.3) compared with women with a university education. The odds of abuse during pregnancy for women whose husbands did not desire their pregnancy were 3.80 (95% CI 1.5-9.7) compared with other women. Conclusions: Domestic violence against women in Lebanon was associated with educational level, gestational age, fear of husband or someone else in the house, and unintended pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic Violence against Women during Pregnancy: The Case of Palestinian Refugees Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Lebanon

Hammoury

Khawaja

Mahfoud

et al. 2009

Journal of Women's Health

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“…4 Our findings, based on independent reporting by men and women, were also consistent with a recent study of married couples in Lebanon, showing remarkably similar rates of lifetime wife beating by sex. 5 The similarity in reporting reflects the fact that domestic violence may not be considered as taboo in this context. However, sex specific patterns of reporting were evident, with women slightly more likely than men to report the more severe behaviours such as kicking or choking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of wife beating in Jordanian refugee camps: reports by men and women

Khawaja

Barazi²

2005

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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W ife beating, the most widespread form of domestic violence, has adverse consequences on the health and wellbeing of women and is a major cause of disability and death in many countries. 1 In the past few years, it has been widely reported in developing countries' contexts, 2 where patriarchal family norms are common. 3 In the Middle East, patriarchal gender relations reinforced by traditional cultural, legal, and perhaps religious legacies may have directly or indirectly influenced the persistence of violence against women. In fact, intimate partner violence is not considered a criminal act in many Arab countries. Available studies provide only limited insight into the prevalence of domestic violence in a patriarchal context. Furthermore, most previous studies of wife beating from developing countries focused on female respondents, thus neglecting men, the perpetrators of violence.Using data from independent samples of married men and women, this study investigated the prevalence of wife beating in the Palestinian refugee camps of Jordan. Specifically, the study aimed to examine the similarity between men's self reports of violence and women's reports of being subjected to domestic violence. The focus was on lifetime physical domestic violence against women, but estimates of current (past year) beating as well as injuries resulting from beating were also described. METHODSThis exploratory study used data from the recently completed living conditions survey of Jordan's refugee camps. This was a cross sectional survey of 2590 households selected randomly from 12 refugee camps using a sampling frame provided by Jordan's Department of Statistics. Some of the camps housed refugees displaced as a result of the 1967 war, others included refugees from the 1948-49 Arab-Israeli war. The instrument consisted of three questionnaires: one for the household, one for a randomly selected adult aged 15+ years from each household, and the third for all ever-married women. The data pertaining to wife beating were obtained by face to face interviews with randomly selected adults (adult questionnaire). The study was approved (including an ethical review) by Yarmouk University and the government of Jordan. Fieldwork took place in the spring and summer of 1999, with an overall response rate of 95%. Our original sample was reduced because of the eligibility criteria used for answering the domestic violence questions: currently married, living with spouse, and privacy during the interview. Of the total sample of 801 married adults, 395 persons (262 women and 133 men) were included in the study. There was remarkable similarity between our sample and the original one in terms of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. However, the selected sample was slightly younger (mean age 37.5) than the original (mean age 40), and hence included better educated respondents (29.8% compared with 25.8% with secondary education).We asked married women whether they had experienced specific acts of violence, including being slapped, grabbed, shove...

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“…A multi-country analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data showed that approximately one fifth to one half of women experienced spousal or intimate-partner abuse (Kishor and Johnson 2004). Several scholars have reported on the widespread domestic violence perpetrated against Arab women by their spouses (Douki et al 2003;Khawaja and Twetel-Salem 2004;Khawaja and Barazi 2005;Diop-Sidibe et al 2006;Usta et al 2007). Domestic violence against women is also prevalent in Asia, Europe, and South America (Ellsberg et al 1999;Burazeri et al 2005;Khan and Aeron 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining trends and patterns in attitudes towards wife-beating among women in Nigeria: analysis of 2003, 2008, and 2013 Demographic and Health Survey data

Oyediran

2016

Genus

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This paper examines the patterns and trends in attitudes towards wife-beating among women in Nigeria and their determinants. Using the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey datasets, a multivariate logistic regression was fitted to assess the relationships between sociocultural factors and a woman's attitude towards being beaten by her spouse. The results indicate a significant change over time in the percentage of Nigerian women supporting or accepting the notion that a man is justified in beating or hitting his wife. The findings show that during interviews in 2003, 2008, and 2013, 62.4, 45.7, and 37.1% of women, respectively, believed that wife-beating was justified for at least one of the reasons given. Education, place of residence, wealth index, ethnic affiliation, religious affiliation, women's autonomy in household decision-making, and frequency of listening to the radio were significantly related to acceptance of wife-beating over the years. The study underscores the importance of these factors to the development of policies addressing gender-based violence and urges special attention and intervention to mitigate the effect of the cultural practices that underlie domestic violence against women in Nigeria.

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Agreement between husband and wife reports of domestic violence: evidence from poor refugee communities in Lebanon

Cited by 51 publications

References 19 publications

Domestic Violence against Women during Pregnancy: The Case of Palestinian Refugees Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Lebanon

Domestic Violence against Women during Pregnancy: The Case of Palestinian Refugees Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Lebanon

Prevalence of wife beating in Jordanian refugee camps: reports by men and women

Explaining trends and patterns in attitudes towards wife-beating among women in Nigeria: analysis of 2003, 2008, and 2013 Demographic and Health Survey data

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