Agreement and reliability of a symptom modification test cluster for patients with subacromial pain syndrome

Riley, Sean P.; Grimes, Jason; Apeldoorn, Adri T.; Vet, Riekie de

doi:10.1002/pri.1842

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…“The Origins of Miscellaneous Diseases: Rhinoceros Candle” describes this injury as sudden physical discomfort caused by falling, damaging both qi and blood circulation. Appropriate treatment of rotator cuff injuries should focus on promoting qi, improving blood circulation, dispersing blood stasis, and relieving pain[ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff injuries

Chen,

Wang,

2024

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND The rotator cuff is located below the acromion and deltoid muscles and comprises multiple tendons that wrap around the humeral head, maintaining shoulder joint stability. AIM To explore the effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff injuries. METHODS We selected 97 patients with rotator cuff injuries treated in the People's Hospital of Yuhuan from February 2020 to May 2023. Patients were grouped using the envelope method. RESULTS After treatment, the study group’s treatment effective rate was 94.90% (46/49 patients), significantly higher than that in the control group (79.17%, 38/48 cases; P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no difference in Constant Murley Score (CMS) scores, shoulder mobility, or 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scale scores (P > 0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the CMS scores (including pain, daily living ability, shoulder mobility, and muscle strength), all aspects of shoulder mobility (forward flexion, posterior extension, external rotation, internal rotation), and SF-36 scale scores (including physiological, psychological, emotional, physical, vitality, and health status) were higher in both groups after treatment and significantly higher in the study group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the occurrence of complications between the two treatment groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques has a good treatment effect on patients with rotator cuff injuries, helps accelerate the recovery of shoulder function, improves the quality of life, and is highly safe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff injuries

Chen,

Wang,

2024

World J Clin Cases

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“…The authors consequently concluded that the Shoulder Symptom Modification Procedure (SSMP) was not reliable or valid for managing shoulder pain. A single study of a symptom modification test cluster for shoulder instability reported a significant, meaningful relationship between GIRD - glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and an impingement GIRD apprehension-relocation test cluster [ 206 ].…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long head of biceps at the shoulder: a scoping review

Diplock

Hing

Marks

2023

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background This review aimed to explore the available literature to update our understanding of the long head of biceps (LHB) at the shoulder. Synthesise our findings to identify emergent themes and knowledge gaps to inform future research and management directions. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, SportDiscus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 31st December 2021. Articles were included if they referenced adult participants > 18 years of age and were written in English. Results 214 articles were included in the final analysis, and results were categorised into six emergent themes: (1) Anatomy - Normal anatomical variation of the biceps from aberrant origins, third and fourth accessory heads, and an absence of the LHB tendon (LHBT) are not necessarily benign, with shoulder pain and instability a commonly reported theme. (2) Function - Bicep’s role in glenohumeral elevation and stability in healthy shoulders is minimal. In contrast, LHB has a more significant role in shoulder stability and humeral head depression in subjects with rotator cuff failure or an absent LHBT. (3) Pathology - There is an association between LHB tendinopathy, rotator cuff disease, LHBT instability and occult rotator cuff tears. Early recruitment and hyperactivity of the LHB in subjects with symptomatic rotator cuff tears and instability suggest a potential compensatory role. (4) Assessment - The limited diagnostic utility of special orthopaedic tests in assessing LHBT pathology was a consistent theme. The utility of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound to identify full-thickness tendon tears and instability of the LHBT was moderate to high. However, the utility of clinical tests and imaging may be underestimated due to arthroscopy’s limitations in fully visualising the proximal LHBT. (5) Non-Surgical Management - Ultrasound-guided injections into the biceps sheath show greater accuracy and patient outcomes than blinded injections; however, the entry of injectate into the intraarticular glenohumeral joint may have unwanted complications. (6) Surgical management - For the surgical management of biceps pathology with or without rotator cuff pathology, both biceps tenodesis and tenotomy report similar improvements in pain without any significant adverse effect on strength or function. Tenodesis favoured higher overall constant scores and a lower incidence of Popeye deformity and cramping arm pain, with tenotomy trending to be more cost and time effective. For patients with a healthy LHBT, rotator cuff repair with adjunctive tenodesis or tenotomy fails to provide additional clinical improvements compared to rotator cuff repair in isolation. Conclusions The scoping review highlights the variability of biceps anatomy, which is not necessarily benign and suggests a minimal role of the LHB in shoulder elevation and stability in healthy individuals. In contrast, individuals with rotator cuff tears experience proximal humeral migration and demonstrate hyperactivity of the LHB, suggesting a potential compensation role. The observed prevalence of LHBT pathology with rotator cuff tears is well established; however, the cause-and-effect relationship between LHBT pathology and rotator cuff disease is undetermined. The diagnostic utility of clinical tests and imaging to exclude LHBT pathology may be understated due to the limitations of arthroscopy to visualise the proximal LHBT fully. Rehabilitation programs for the LHB are understudied. Similar post-surgical clinical outcomes are observed for tenodesis and tenotomy for biceps and rotator cuff-related shoulder pain. Subjects undergoing biceps tenodesis are less likely to have cramping arm pain and a Popeye deformity than patients undergoing biceps tenotomy. The significance of routine surgical removal of the LHBT and sequelae on rotator cuff tear progression to failure and long-term shoulder function is unknown, and further research is required. Pre-registration OSF: https://osf.io/erh9m

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Modifiable Musculoskeletal Factors and their Association With Shoulder Function in Adults: A Systematic Review of Etiology and Risk.

Briel,

Brandt,

Olivier

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective: The objective of this systematic review of etiology and risk was to determine the association between modifiable musculoskeletal factors and shoulder dysfunction in an adult population. Background: A paucity of evidence still exists in the literature on shoulder function and the influence of modifiable musculoskeletal factors on function. The present study aimed to explore current and past research of all reported modifiable musculoskeletal factors to clarify the multifactorial etiology of shoulder dysfunction in an adult population. Methods: The methodology and meta-analysis process as detailed in the JBI Reviewer’s Manual for Etiology and Risk, were followed, and the guidelines as proposed by the PRISMA (Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement were adhered to. Where meta-analysis of data was not possible the SWiM (Synthesis without meta-analysis) approach was followed for synthesis of pooled modifiable musculoskeletal factors. The outcome measure considered was shoulder dysfunction. Exposure measured was modifiable musculoskeletal factors leading to the development of shoulder dysfunction. Age groups between 18 to 75 years of age were included. A total number of 7628 studies were identified worldwide through searching of 12 databases. The results yielded by 91 studies were included in the systematic review. The risk of bias was low for 88 studies. Females (2441) and males (3117) were both included. The systematic review included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies investigating most sporting sub-populations (swimming, rugby, weightlifting, wheelchair, volleyball and baseball (1003 participants) and members of the general population (4651). Pooling of results into five meta-analyses was possible. Results: Results concluded that musculoskeletal factors leading to shoulder dysfunction to be decreased external rotation strength, with I2=0 a large positive effect size 0.59 with p=0.00, decreased external versus internal muscle strength ratio, with I2 =46 a large negative effect size -0.69 with p=0.002, decreased flexibility of the posterior capsule, with I 2=0 small negative effect size -0.0 p=0.45, decreased internal rotation with I2=0, with a large negative effect size -1.00 p=0, and glenohumeral internal rotation deficit. Participants were 1.29 times more likely to develop shoulder dysfunction in the presence of decreased external rotation strength. Discussion: A comprehensive evaluation of the shoulder joint should include all identified musculoskeletal factors of the present systematic review at one point in time. Modifiable musculoskeletal factors comprise of the strength of the external and internal rotators; the strength ratio of the external rotators: internal rotators; the internal rotation range of motion movement; total range of motion; glenohumeral internal rotation deficit; pectoralis minor muscle length, posterior capsule and the glenohumeral posterior musculature flexibility and scapular stabilisers strength and strength ratios. This protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD 42021261719).

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Agreement and reliability of a symptom modification test cluster for patients with subacromial pain syndrome

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff injuries

Effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on shoulder function in patients with rotator cuff injuries

The long head of biceps at the shoulder: a scoping review

Modifiable Musculoskeletal Factors and their Association With Shoulder Function in Adults: A Systematic Review of Etiology and Risk.

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